Subject: "Garbage in our streets - garbage in our hearts"

ΙΙ Scientific-practical conference "Youth, Science, Interest"

MAOY Gymnasium №16 «Interest»

pupils: Potanin I., A. Savenko.,Zavidov E., 5 "g"

the teacher of english: Yurkevichene Anna Sergeevna.,

t.Lyubertsy

2015

Contents:

Ι. Introduction

ΙΙ.The main part.

ΙΙ.1 Facts and Figures

ΙΙ.2 Disposal Methods

ΙΙ.3 Economic efficiency of municipal solid waste in Europe

ΙΙΙ. Conclusions.

ΙV. Instruction "The rules of the environmental behavior"

V. Applications

I. Introduction

Actuality:

One of the problems faced by each of us - it's rubbish. Abandoned on the

streets of cigarette butts, wrappers, cans and bottles, waste containers

around the crowded, dumps, unfortunately, become an integral part of

our environment. Municipal solid waste (MSW) is one of the most

important environmental pollution. Only plastic trash, according to

scientists, will be destroyed 2000 years. One person "produces" a year

around 300 kg of municipal waste (paper, glass, plastic, cloth, etc.).

We are very concerned about this topic, and we decided to study the

issue as an example of our native land and to compare the situation in

European countries.

In its work, we tried to sort out this problem.

Aim: To analyze the issues of recycling and sorting of household

waste in Russia and Europe. Conduct research economic factors

solid waste processing. Suggest ways of waste recycling in Russia.

Objectives:

• Analyze the environmental problem.

• Explore methods of recycling and disposal of solid waste.

• Assess the cost-effectiveness of processing methods on the example of

European countries.

• To draw attention to the problem and propose solutions.

The main part.

II.1 Facts and Figures

II.1.1 Today, according to the state corporation "Russian Technologies",

which is the largest market participant from waste in the country, on the

territory of Russia has accumulated more than 31 billion tons of waste

Nonrecycled. And their number is increasing annually by more than 60

million tons.

Ministry of Natural Resources of Russia, it has been estimated that every

Russian accounting for 400 kilograms of waste per year. Well, the

average Russian family, consisting of four, throws for a year about

150 kilograms of various kinds of plastic, about 100 pounds of

paper, and about 1,000 of glass bottles.

However, the root of the garbage problem in Russia, particularly in the

Moscow region, is not a constant increase in the volume of solid waste,

but rather the inability to properly dispose of these wastes. Data

available from the company "Russian Technologies" suggest that at least

40% of the total accumulated waste in the country is a valuable

secondary raw materials. However, the processing goes only about 7-8%

of household waste, and the rest of the garbage is transported to a

landfill (see chart in Appendix A).

II.1.2 Lyubertsy incinerators and landfills.

Our neighborhood "Red Hill" is surrounded by several environmentally

adverse factors:

- Serious gassed from MKAD

highway and Novoryazanskoye

highway;

- The presence of two incinerators;

- The proximity of the refinery Kapotnya;

- The presence of nearby Lyuberetskiy irrigated fields - places where

decades merged all Moscow drainage (with residential areas and

industrial zones of Moscow).

Incinerator number 4 - factory in the industrial zone

"Rudnyo

vo."

It is the largest plant in the Moscow region. On an average

day there are burned about 700 tons of solid waste. Of

course, the factory installed "magnets" and they caught

about 6 tons of iron per day. However, a relatively innocuous waste of

the lion's share is converted to dangerous toxins and poisons which are

in the form of oxides people get into the lungs.

Incinerator "Ecology".

This plant is designed to burn the bodies of the sick animals that are sick

dangerous diseases (FMD, Rabies). In addition, here are trying to

neutralize and other dangerous substances -

laboratory, industrial and domestic.

The table in Appendix B shows the economic

component of incinerators. Analyzing the table,

one can conclude that the incineration is

economically disadvantageous.

In Moscow lives less than 5% of the population of Russia, and waste

produced 20% of the All-Russian trash heap.

The total amount of waste being instilled in the Moscow regions- 10

million tons. And if half of industrial waste recycled, the household

garbage moved less than 1%.

Every resident of the Moscow region emits twice as much garbage than

the average Russian. Therefore, in the suburbs 41 official landfills, and

informal - a few thousand.