Технологическая карта "Vitamins" 11 класс
Орал «Мақсат» медициналық колледжі
Ашық сабақтың
әдістемелік жоспары
Пәні
Кәсіптік шет тілі
Мамандық
0302000 «Мейіргер ісі»
Сабақтың тақырыбы: “Vitamins”
ҚҰРАСТЫРҒАН
А.Б. Султангалиева
2018 ж.
Теориялық сабақтың технологиялық картасы
Технологическая карта теоритического занятия
Пән: Кәсіптік шет тілі
Мамандық : «Мейіргер ісі»
Сабақтың тақырыбы: Vitamins
Сағат саны:2
Сабақтың мақсаттары:
Білімділік: дәрумендердің ағзадағы рөлі және дәрумендер жетіспегеннен болатын аурулар,
көкөністердің пайдасы туралы білімдерін жетілдіру мақсатында ізденуге, тез ойлауға, алғырлыққа,
тапқырлыққа баулу. Жаңа сөздермен танысу
Дамытушылық: Шет тілінде өз ойын жеткізу,
Тәрбиелік: Салауатты өмір салтын ұстанып, дұрыс тамақтануға тәрбиелеу
Сабақтың түрі: құрама сабақ, аралас сабағы.
Оқыту әдістері: топтық, сұрақ-жауап, интерактивті тақтамен, оқулықпен жұмыс
Сабақтың көрнекілігі: ТСО, дидактикалық материал (тапсырмалар карточка), слайд-
презентация, УМК, Л.Г. Казырева, Т.B.Шадская «Английский язык для
медицинских колледжей и училищ» оқулығы, сөздік.
Пәнаралық байланыс «Терапиядағы мейіргер ісі» «Педиатриядағы мейіргер ісі»
Сабақтың құрылымы/Структура занятия
Сабақ кезеңдері
Кезеңде
гі
уақыт
Мазмұны
Оқытушының іс-
әрекеті
Студенттің іс-әрекеті
1. Ұйымдастыру
кезені
2
минут
Амандасу.
Сұрақ қою
арқылы
студенттердің
назарын
сабаққа
аудару.
Good morning, students.
Take your seats, please.
How are you?
Is it autumn now? Is it
cold or warm in the
street? Do you like the
weather today? What do
you have for breakfast?
Good morning teacher.
Fine, thanks. What about
you? Yes it is. It’s cold in
the street. Usually I have
eggs, juice ……
2.Білімді
өзектендіру
25
минут
Лексика,
грамматика
қайталау
Who is ready to the home
task?
Crossword puzzle.
The students retell the
text and words. Do the
tasks
3. Жаңа
материалды
үйрену
25
минут
Жаңа
тақырыппен
таныстыру
мақсатында
сұрақ қою
арқылы
тақырыпты
ашу.
Look at the blackboard
and watch pictures.
Today’s new theme is
Vitamins. What kinds of
vitamins do you know? Is
it useful for our health?
Let’s open the books on
page 105. You will see
the theme of our lesson.
What did you understand
from watching the film?
Students read and
translate the text. Answer
for the questions. See the
film and discuss it.
4. Жаңа
тақырыпты бекіту
35
минут
Жаңа
тақырыпты
бекіту
мақсатында
тапысрмалар
орындау,
жаттығулар
жазу.
Let’s do tasks
The students do the given
tasks
5. Үй тапсырмасы
1
минута
Сабақты
қортындылау
Your homework are
learning by heart new
vocabulary, translating
and prepare retelling of
the text “Vitamins” on
page 105. Moreover,
repeat the definition of
grammar theme.
The students write the
hometask
6. Сабақты
қортындылау
3
минуты
Мақсаты –
өзін – өзі
бағалауды
қалыптастыру
.
Now put down your
marks for the work at the
lesson.
Homework for the next
lesson will be learning by
heart the new vocabulary,
retelling of the text ”
Pneumonia “ and
Pronouns
Студенты выставляют
себе оценку за тест,
высказывают свое
мнение о своей работе
на уроке, работе других,
об уроке. Записывают
домашнее задание.
Оқытушы/Преподаватель Султангалиева А.Б. __________________ .
а.ж.т./ф.и.о қолы /подпись күні/дата
Ход занятия
I.Организационный момент
T: Good morning, students! Sit down, please! I am glad to meet you. How are you?
St: …
T: Who is on duty today?
St: …
T: Who is absent today? ….
St: …
T: What day is it today?
St: ..................
Vocabulary
amount – количество, значение
carnivorous – хищный
clotting factors – свертывающие факторы
conjunction – соединение, сочетание
crack – перелом, трещина
to cross – поражение сетчатки
deficiency – недостаточность
to deplete – уменьшать, убавлять
essential – обязательный, главный
to flatten – выравнивать
foodstuff – продукт питания, еда
to fortify – укреплять
herbivorous – травоядный
to impair – нарушать, ослаблять
malnutrition – неполноценное питание, истощение
neuropathy – нейропатия
numb – онемение, окоченение
to peel – шелушиться
to preserve – сохранять, оберегать, поддерживать
pins-and-needle sensation – чувство покалывания
prey – добыча
to promote – способствовать, помогать
retinopathy – поражение сетчатки
to recur – повторяться
to replenish – пополнять, восполнять
to resolve – устранять
rickets – рахит
scurvy – цинга
soluble – растворимый
to substitute – замещать
supervision – контроль
sterility – бесплодие
supplement – добавка, приложение
tingling – бредовое состояние
widespread – широко распространенный
A - Level’s text
Vitamins
Vitamins are a group of organic substances required in our diets in small amounts for growth and
nutrition. They are usually found in foodstuffs or taken as supplements. Yet vitamins probably present
a wider gap between myth and reality in the layman’s understanding than almost any other area of our
diet. Most people have recognition that Vitamin C prevents scurvy, that Vitamin A is found in fish liver
oils, or that Vitamin D is found in dairy products; many people believe that Vitamin E preserves youth
and prevents sterility or that Vitamin C can present colds and cancer. Beyond this, however, there is still
considerable ignorance and widespread myth. The reality behind the common practice of taking vitamin
supplements is less dramatic, although vitamins do represent an important component of the necessary
human diet.
The word vitamin was formed from the Latin word «vita» («life») and the Greek word «amine», because
19th century scientists believed that they were formed only from amino acids. Amino acids are the
twenty essential code elements which arrange themselves in varied sequences or chains to form complex
proteins, the basic foodstuff of life. These organic acids (containing the essential ingredient NH2), in
conjunction with the nucleic acids (DNA material being composed of the four bases adenine, guanine
thymine and cytosine), «translate» the genetic instructions from the DNA of the chromosome to the
RNA transcript, and in turn transfer these instructions from the transcript to proteins. If proteins are the
building blocks of life, then amino acids are the building blocks of proteins. Plant cells form amino acids
from the compounds which the plant draws up from the ground, such as the nitrates and ammonia salts.
Animals, however, can’t perform this conversion of simple inorganic substances to amino acids, so they
must ingest them in the form of food — with herbivorous animals consuming plant proteins in vegetables
and carnivorous animals consuming animal proteins in the bodies of their prey. Vitamins are essential
aids in many body processes, converting food the energy, building and maintaining cells and other
functions.
Vitamins can thus be looked at as a crucial ingredient in the long-term maintenance of health. Vitamins
come in two main forms — water soluble and fat soluble. The fat soluble vitamins, including A, D, E
and K, are absorbed by the body with the aid of fat and then stored in body fat. Because they are stored
in this way, we do not need to take these vitamins daily and it is usually possible to maintain adequate
amounts in the body through a normal, well-balanced diet. But for the same reason, it is possible to
overdose on these vitamins by taking too many as supplements, in which case they can build up to toxic
levels and actually cause harm to the person taking them.
The water soluble vitamins, including Vitamin C and all of the B complex vitamins, are used up quickly
or excreted in urine and perspiration; they are not stored and should be consumed daily. They break
down quickly and can be partially lost through premature harvesting, long and improper storage,
processing, overcooking, and cooking in water. The high amounts of both water soluble and fat soluble
vitamins found in raw vegetables and fruits are often lost when they are processed, with a few exceptions
such as carrots, which actually gain in vitamin A by being cooked. The best sources of the different
vitamin groups are now well-known. Vitamin A, including retinol and «provitamin caretenoids,» is
found in liver, butter, whole milk, cheese and egg yolks and in carrots, leafy greens, sweet potatoes,
pumpkins, cantaloupes and so on (provitamin caretenoids). Vitamin A is extremely important formation
and maintenance of skin and mucous membranes, in visual functions and in bone and tooth development.
A deficiency of Vitamin A can cause impaired growth, nigh blindness, diarrhea and increased mortality
in the worst cases. Experiments in giving large Vitamin A supplements for malnourished children have
had mixed results; some reported a reduction in infant and child mortality, but a recent study of Sudanese
children between 9 and 72 months found little difference in a test group that was given megadoses of A
(200,000 units) and a placebo group that was given only small amounts of Vitamin E.
Vitamin D (calciferol) found mostly in fortified dairy products but also in fish oils egg yolks, is
particularly important for hardening of bones and teeth, and aiding in the intestine’s absorption of
calcium. Deficiencies of D can cause rickets in children and more rarely, oseomalacia in adults;
overdoses are known to cause retarded growth, kidney damage and calcium deposits in the soft tissues.
Vitamin E (Tocopherol) is found in vegetable oil, green leafy vegetables, wheat germ, egg yolk, butter
and liver. It functions as an «antioxidant» for other vitamins, preventing C and A and other fatty acid
proteins from being burnt up prematurely; in this way it helps prevent cell membrane damage. Most
experts believe that Vitamin E deficiency can only occur in extreme causes of malnutrition, but this
doesn’t mean that supplements might not be useful. One recent study found that Vitamin E rich blood
helped to prevent angina (cardiovascular distress), for reasons not yet understood.
The B vitamin group is very important. B1 or thiamin found in meats, whole grains and nuts, serves in
carbohydrate metabolism and production of ribose for RNA and DNA. B2 or Riboflavin, in liver, milk,
cheese, meat and fortified grains, functions as a coenzyme to help cells use oxygen to get energy from
food. B6 or pyroxidine, found in meats, shellfish, whole grains and vegetables, also serves as a coenzyme
in protein metabolism. B12, found in the same foods and in milk products, serves as a coenzyme in
nucleic acid synthesis and development of red blood cells. Deficiencies of the B group can cause anemia,
skin problems and other diseases.
Other vitamins include niacin, folacin (folic acid), biotin and pantothenic acid, all of which serve as
coenzymes to help synthesize fat, form vital chemicals in the life processes, or assist in energy
metabolism for the body processes. Some typical symptoms of deficiency are fatigue, depression or
anemia. Recently, it has been found that Vitamin K, a fat soluble substance, is essential in the blood-
clotting process and it is hoped that it can be applied to treatment of hemophilia, wound or surgery
recovery and other medical problems.
As a group, vitamins are often confused with the many hundreds of minerals that are also need for basic
growth and maintenance functions of the body. Like vitamins, most minerals can also be found in foods,
but shortages of minerals are also possible. There have also been unproven claims for vitamins in
general, such as that supplements increase children’s IQ. Probably the greatest confusion exists about
Vitamin C (ascorbic acid), a substance found in many vegetables and fruits, and needed for holding body
cells together, healing wounds and broken bones, and resisting infection. Many extravagant claims, such
as curing cancer and preventing common colds, have been made for Vitamin C. While some evidence
exists of side benefits, long term studies have failed to give conclusive evidence that C can produce
miracles. Like other water soluble vitamins, however, C is easily depleted from the body, and any diet
without sufficient C from fresh fruits and vegetables will need supplements.
Tasks to the A - Level’s text:
1. Match the half-sentences to make correct and complete sentences:
1. Some typical symptoms of deficiency
are …
A. …the Latin word «vita» («life») and
the Greek word «amine».
2. B12, found in the same foods and in milk
products, serves …
B. … absorbed by the body with the aid
of fat and then stored in body fat.
3. A deficiency of Vitamin A can cause
…
C. … as a coenzyme in nucleic acid synthesis and
development of red blood cells.
4. Vitamin D is particularly …
D. … fatigue, depression or anemia.
5. The water soluble vitamins, including Vitamin
C and all of the B complex vitamins, are …
E. …only occur in extreme causes of malnutrition,
but this doesn’t mean that supplements might not
be useful.
6. The word vitamin was formed from …
F. … angina (cardiovascular distress), for
reasons not yet understood.
7. Vitamin E rich blood helped to
prevent …
G. … the twenty essential code elements.
8. The fat soluble vitamins, including A,
D, E and K, are …
H. … used up quickly or excreted in
urine and perspiration; they are not
stored and should be consumed daily.
9. Most experts believe that Vitamin E deficiency
can …
I…. impaired growth, nigh blindness, diarrhea and
increased mortality in the worst cases.
10. Amino acids are …
J. … important for hardening of bones
and teeth, and aiding in the intestine’s absorption
of calcium.
2. Make up sentences:
1. maintenance, a, can, of, vitamins, health, thus, looked, crucial, in, the, at, long-term, be, as,
ingredient.
2. or, supplements, found, are, in, usually, foodstuffs, taken as they.
3. are, of, the, of, building, life, amino, then, blocks, acids are, the, if, building, proteins,
blocks, proteins.
4. of, B, the, can, group, anemia, and, other, skin, diseases, deficiencies, cause, problems.
5. considerable, myth, beyond, there, still, ignorance, widespread, this, and, is, however.
3. Match the names of vitamins with the synonyms:
1) tocopherols
a) Vitamin A
2) pyridoxine
b) Vitamin B
12
3) biotin
c) Vitamin K
4) pantothenic acid
d) Vitamin B
6
5) cyanocobalamin
e) Vitamin B
5
6) phylloquinone
f) Vitamin B
9
7) retinol
g) Vitamin E
8) folic acid
h) Vitamin B
7
Crossword
16
17
6
3
5
18
9
4
12
14
2
10
13
8
1
11
7
15
19
Questions to crossword:
Horizontally:
1. A disorder of infancy and early childhood caused by a deficiency of vitamin D, causing soft
bones.
4. Any of a specific group of organic compounds essential in small quantities for healthy
human growth, metabolism, development and body functions.
5. An insufficiency, especially of something essential to health.
7. The act of supplementing.
8. A condition in which the sufferer has frequent and watery bowel movements.
10. A disease caused by insufficient intake of vitamin C leading to the formation of livid spots
on the skin, spongy gums, loosening of the teeth and bleeding into the skin and from almost all
mucous membranes.
11. One of the constituents of vitamin B complex, found in meat, yeast and bran, that is
necessary for the metabolism of carbohydrates.
13. Any small molecule that is necessary for the functioning of an enzyme.
15. A lack of adequate nourishment.
17. A sugar, starch, or cellulose that is a food source of energy for an animal or plant; a
saccharide.
18. A medical condition in which the capacity of the blood to transport oxygen to the tissues is
reduced, either because of too few red blood cells, or because of too little hemoglobin,
resulting in pallor and fatigue.
19. A disease, with skin lesions and mental confusion, primarily caused by a niacin deficiency.
Vertically:
2. Actions performed to keep some machine or system functioning or in service.
3. The act of joining, or condition of being joined.
6. In nutrition, one of a group of vitamins that act against the effects of free radicals.
9. The act or process of absorbing or of being absorbed in living organisms.
12. A naturally occurring pentose sugar, which is a component of the nucleosides and
nucleotides that constitute the nucleic acid biopolymer, RNA.
14. An instance of material which may be used as food.
16. Constituent of vitamin D2.
Test to the A - Level’s text:
1. … have hormone-like functions as regulators of mineral metabolism.
a) vitamin E
b) vitamin K
c) vitamin D
2. Deficiencies of … can cause rickets in children and oseomalacia in adults.
a) vitamin E
b) vitamin D
c) vitamin K
3. Most people have recognition that … prevents scurvy.
a) vitamin A
b) vitamin B
c) vitamin C
4. … is found in vegetable oil, green leafy vegetables, wheat germ, egg yolk, butter and liver.
a) vitamin E
b) vitamin D
c) vitamin A
5. … is found in meats, whole grains and nuts, serves in carbohydrate metabolism and
production of ribose for RNA and DNA.
a) vitamin B
5
b) vitamin B
2
c) vitamin B
1
6. … is found in the same foods and in milk products, serves as a coenzyme in nucleic acid
synthesis and development of red blood cells.
a) vitamin B
7
b) vitamin B
12
c) vitamin B
9
7. … is found in liver, milk, cheese, meat and fortified grains, functions as a coenzyme to help
cells use oxygen to get energy from food.
a) vitamin B
1
b) vitamin B
2
c) vitamin B
5
8. … is essential in the blood-clotting process and it is hoped that it can be applied to treatment
of hemophilia, wound or surgery recovery and other medical problems.
a) vitamin K
b) vitamin E
c) vitamin D
9. … is found in meats, shellfish, whole grains and vegetables, also serves as a coenzyme in
protein metabolism.
a) vitamin B
5
b) vitamin B
7
c) vitamin B
6
10. …is extremely important formation and maintenance of skin and mucous membranes, in
visual functions and in bone and tooth development.
a) vitamin E
b) vitamin D
c) vitamin A
