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Заключительный урок "Экология" 10 класс

Заключительный урок по теме «Экология» в 10 классе.
(по УМК «Английский язык для общеобразовательных школ с углубленным изучением
английского языка». Авторы О. В. Афанасьева, И. В. Михеева
Урок по теме «Человек – дитя природы. Экологические проблемы современности
(Man the Child of Nature)» в 10 классе и относится к типу «урок обобщения и
систематизации знаний в рамках нетрадиционного обучения». Данный урок является
последним в изучении этой темы, поэтому основная коммуникативная цель — закрепить и
систематизировать лексические навыки учащихся, совершенствовать навыки
монологической и диалогической речи с применением тематической лексики, для чего
урок проводится с элементами дискуссии. Урок является нетрадиционным, т.к.
взаимодействие организовано в форме «Talk Show» и участие учителя в нем является
минимальным.
Цель урока: создать условия для развития коммуникативной и учебно –познавательной
компетенции в условиях эффективной обучающей среды.
Аспекты урока:
Учебный:
Обобщить имеющиеся знания по теме.
Развивающий:
1. Способствовать осуществлению репродуктивных речевых действий.
2. Способствовать осуществлению продуктивных речевых действий.
3. Развивать воображение.
4. Развивать самостоятельность, критичность, творческие способности, воображение.
Воспитательный:
1. Акцентировать внимание учащихся на изучаемой проблеме.
2. Актуализировать важности этой темы в повседневной жизни.
3. Помочь в формировании собственного мнения учащихся по решению данной
проблемы.
Личностно – ориентированный:
1. Развивать творческие навыки, создать условия для повышения интереса к изучаемому
материалу, создать условия для развития навыков общения и совместной деятельности.
Методы и формы обучения:
На уроке используется как наглядный, так и поисково-исследовательский методы
обучения, а также метод самостоятельного контроля и проверки знаний.
Используются разнообразные формы работы:
фронтальная — проверяются навыки устной речи,
групповая — при проверке лексических навыков и навыков ведения ток-шоу,
индивидуальная — на заключительном этапе урока,
коллективно-групповая — при проверке навыков ведения ток-шоу.
Использование ИКТ:
Применение ИКТ на уроке повышает у учащихся мотивацию и интерес к теме и предмету,
а для педагога представляет широкие возможности для создания собственных материалов
к уроку.
Характеристика основных видов деятельности ученика:
Личностные:
ориентация в социальных ролях и межличностных отношениях;
социальная мотивация учебной деятельности.
Регулятивные:
сличать способ действия и его результат с заданным эталоном с целью
обнаружения отклонений и отличий от эталона.
Познавательные:
использовать модели для решения задач;
осознанно и произвольно строить высказывания в устной форме.
Коммуникативные:
проявлять активность во взаимодействии для решения коммуникативных и
познавательных задач;
слушать собеседника;
строить понятные для партнера высказывания.
Роли:
1. Ведущий (Presenter)
2. Гости:
Члены правозащитных организаций (Expert 1, 2, 3)
Представитель администрации г. Москвы (Representative)
Жители г. Москвы (С 1-10)
3. Зрители: администрация Гимназии, учителя.
Ход урока.
Презентация Слайд 1
Звучит заставка программы.
Presenter:
Hello and welcome to another edition of Let us Speak Show, the day on Let us Speak where we
talk to cool people about burning issues. You’ve surely heard about global warming, you’ve
probably seen campaigns about deforestation too. You might even have experiment changes in a
climate yourself. But do we really care enough about our environment? Is it the biggest threat
we’re facing today? Join me and let us speak about real stories and real views. Look at the
screen. (Просмотр ролика «Save the Earth»). Презентация Слайд 2 Our today’s motto is
“Think globally, act locally”.
As the talk will affect every individual I’ve put up a set of four items on today’s agenda.
Слайд 3 Now on today’s show we’re going to be looking at four main types of pollution, their
reasons, their consequences and possible ways of solutions.
To discuss these sore issues we’ve invited some dearest guests and some experts on
environmental issues. I’d like to introduce them to you: an activist of “GREENPEACE
RUSSIA”, an ecologist from “RUSSIAN GEOGRAPHICAL SOCIETY”, a member of
“SOCIO-ECOLOGICAL UNION” and a representative of the Moscow government.
In addition, we have several Muscovites. They’re going to tell us their stories.
Presenter - to C1
Will you introduce yourself.
C1:
Well, my name is …. . I’m a housewife. I’ve got three children. A month ago, I took my
children for a walk in the park. Suddenly I felt unpleasant odor [ˈəʊdə] of hydrogen sulfide
[ˈsʌlfaɪd]. My children began to gasp [ɡɑːsp]. Luckily, we have a hospital nearby. Doctors
helped them. In the evening, it was reported that the culprit [ˈkʌlprɪt] of that odor might have
been a petroleum refinery [rɪˈfaɪn(ə)rɪ] located in Kapotnya. It’s in the south of Moscow.
Moreover, it was not the first time. It’s outrageous [ˌaʊtˈreɪdʒəs]!
Presenter:
Health experts say that even healthy people may feel sick in these unfriendly conditions.
People who suffer from heart or lung problems, diabetes, thyroid gland conditions or metabolic
disease are dealing with the ecological situation extremely hard due to lack of oxygen in the air.
Let’s ask our experts what they think about it.
Слайд 4, 5
Expert 1:
Well, air pollution is one of the main issues. What is air pollution? It occurs when gases, dust
particles, fumes (or smoke) or odor are introduced into the atmosphere in a way that makes it
harmful to humans, animals and plant. This is because the air becomes dirty, unclean.
Air pollution can result from both human and natural actions. Natural events that pollute the
air include forest fires, volcanic eruptions, wind erosion, natural radioactivity. Pollution from
natural occurrences are not very often.
Presenter:
Take for example a poor ecological situation in Moscow in July - August 2010. Слайд 6.
The smog in the Russian capital was far worse than usual as smoke from nearby peat bog and
forest fires had mixed with exhaust fumes and other pollutants, brought pollution to an all-time high
of 6-7 times the norm.
C 2:
Yes, I remember that summer very well. Muscovites had no chance to escape from the heat
and haze as even the subway system, which is traditionally considered a cool haven to hide from the
heat.
Expert 1: Слайд 7.
You’re right. But mostly, human activities result in air pollution. Consider a typical
manufacturing plant. You will notice that there are long tubes (called chimneys) erected high into
the air, with lots of smoke and fumes coming out of it. Manufacturing industries and power plants
emit high levels of carbon monoxide, organic compounds, and chemicals into the air. This happens
almost everywhere that people live. Petroleum refineries [rɪˈfaɪn(ə)rɪ] also release lots of
hydrocarbons into the air.
Presenter – to Representative of the Moscow Government:
The ecological analyses have shown that 80% of illnesses have arisen in a result of the bad
ecological situation in Moscow. (Шум в зале)
I have a question to Mr. …. Does the Moscow government do anything to improve the
situation with emissions?
Representative:
Thank you for your question. We improve the situation of city’s atmosphere with taking air-
protection measures. For example, some boilers-houses is supplied with new machinery. Слайд 8.
Small boilers are liquidated or modernised. On heat and power plants of Moscow is also taken
actions: introducing the step-like incineration [ɪnsɪn(ə)ˈreɪʃ(ə)n] of fuel, production change the
burners, on North heat and power plant began to start catalytic system. On city’s petrol pumps
became be used more qualitative fuel.
Presenter:
That’s good. We have one more story. Will you introduce yourself?
C 2:
Good afternoon! My name’s … . I’m an allergy sufferer. The number of automobiles in
Moscow is growing from year to year, and ecologists predict that in some years it will plunge in
smoke. I’m interested to know if there is any program of solving this problem?
Presenter:
Mr. …. This question is to you again.
Representative:
The Moscow government has developed the new program. Слайд 9. According to it in
Moscow new roads and high ways will be constricted. It should solve the problem of transport
circulation. On public transport there will be filters put. And we will come to euro standards. It is
also planned to develop the electric transport like monorail trains. Слайд 10. In November of 2000
year the program “Strategy of struggle against motor transport emissions in Moscow” was accepted
by the Moscow government. Nevertheless, of course the process will not pass quickly.
Presenter:
Hope to see the results of it as quicker as possible. And we have another story. What is your
name? Are you from Moscow too?
C 3:
I’m … . I’m a Muscovite. My family like to spend hot summer days on the banks of the
rivers. Who doesn’t enjoy a day out at the beach? All the citizens do. But these days you are likely
to find much more there than just sand and river. Many of the hundreds of the people visit beaches
every year leave behind food wrappers, cigarette ends, drink cans and toys like buckets, spades and
beach balls. These can then be blown or washed into the river and become litter. This litter doesn’t
just look horrible – it’s dangerous, too!
C 1:
Yes, I agree. Litter is dangerous for people. My husband cut himself on glass and our
weekend at the bank of the river last summer was spoiled.
Presenter:
What a sad story!
Presenter – to Expert 2.
Let’s give a word to a water problem expert. What is water pollution?
Expert 2:
OK. Слайд 11. Water pollution is the contamination of water bodies (e.g. lakes, rivers, oceans
and groundwater), very often by human activities. Water pollution occurs when pollutants
(particles, chemicals or substances that make water contaminated) are discharged directly or
indirectly into water bodies without enough treatment to get rid of harmful compounds. Pollutants
get into water mainly by human causes or factors.
Presenter:
What are the causes of water pollution?
Expert 2:
Слайд 12. Well, many industries and farmers work with chemicals that end up in water.
These include chemicals that are used to control weeds, insects and pests. Metals and solvents
[ˈsɒlvənt] from industries can pollute water bodies. These are poisonous to many forms of aquatic
life and may slow their development, make them infertile [ɪnˈfɜːtaɪl] and kill them.
Presenter:
Do you remember the BP Oil spill in 2010? Over 1,000 animals (birds, turtles, mammals)
were reported dead, including many already on the endangered species list. Слайд 13. (Шум в
зале) Of the animals affected by the spill, only about 6% have been reported cleaned, but many
biologists and other scientists predict they will die too from the stress caused by the pollution.
Expert 2:
Oil spills usually have only a localized effect on wildlife but can spread for miles. The oil can
cause the death to many fish and get stuck to the feathers of seabirds causing them to lose their
ability to fly.
Again, think of the rubbish we all make each day. Paper waste, food waste, plastic, rubber,
metallic and aluminum waste. In some countries, they are deposited into the sea. All these waste
types take time to decompose. For example, it is know that paper takes about 6 weeks, aluminum
takes about 200 years and glass takes even more years. When these end up in the sea, they harm sea
animals and cause a lot of water animal deaths.
Presenter – to C 3:
In our studio we have a very presentable young man. Will you introduce yourself, please, and
share us your problem.
C 3:
I’m ….. I’ m a farmer and have been growing vegetables. I begin to notice that for the last
few years it’s been getting harder and harder to work the land. I have to use more water and fertilize
the soil to get a good harvest. Can any of experts explain what’s happening?
Presenter – to Expert 3:
Let’s ask this question to the ecologist from “RUSSIAN GEOGRAPHICAL SOCIETY”.
Expert 3:
I’ll be glad to answer. Слайд14. It’s land pollution. Land pollution is the destruction of the
earth’s land surfaces, often directly or indirectly as a result of man’s activities and their misuse of
land resources. Слайд 15. It occurs when waste is not disposed off properly, or can occur when
humans throw chemicals unto the soil in the form of pesticides and fertilizers during agricultural
practices.
Presenter:
There are different types of land pollution, aren't there? What are they?
Expert 3:
Слайд16. First of all, it’s solid waste. These include all the various kinds of rubbish we make
at home, school, hospitals, market and work places.
Presenter:
Let’s ask our citizens if they can name solid waste.
Citizens: paper, plastic containers, bottles, cans, food, used cars and broken electronic goods,
broken furniture and hospital waste.
Expert 3:
It’s great! Some of these are biodegradable.
Presenter:
What does it mean?
Expert 3:
It means they easily rot or decay into organic matter. Examples include food droppings, paper
products as well as vegetation (like grass and twigs). Others are not biodegradable, and they include
plastics, metals and aluminum cans, broken computer and car parts.
Because these do not easily decay, they pile up in landfills, where they stay for thousands of
years. These bring great harm to the land and people around it.
Presenter:
And what about pesticides, fertilizers and deforestation? Are they also land pollution?
Expert 3:
Слайд 17. Yes, many farming activities engage in the application of fertilizers, pesticides and
insecticides for higher crop yield. This is good because we get more food, but can you think of what
happens to the chemicals that end up on the crops and soils? Sometimes, insects and small animals
are killed and bigger animals that eat tiny animals (as in food chains) are also harmed. Finally, the
chemicals may be washed down as it rains and over time, they end up in the water table below.
That’s the point.
Presenter:
Слайд 18. It’s not a secret that humans depend on trees for many things including life, you
know. Trees absorb carbon dioxide from the air and enrich the air with Oxygen, which is needed for
life. Trees provide wood for humans and a habitat to many land animals, insects and birds. Trees
also, help replenish soils.
Expert 3:
You’re absolutely right. Слайд 19. Unfortunately, we have cut down millions of acres of
tree for wood, construction, farming and mining purposes, and never planted new trees back.
Representative:
The Moscow Government considers the improvement of the environment to be of the
paramount importance. The actions on environmental protection are supposed to be supported by
the city budget as well as by target loans and the Moscow environmental fund. Слайд 20.
The program of step-by-step establishing of exhaust neutralisers on the municipal,
departmental and private motor vehicles and the use of liquefied gas in the vehicles has been
carried out. The penalty sanctions for exceeding maximum permissible concentrations of
discharge in the city and its entrances are becoming rigid. A set of actions on recovering and
expanding landscaping, cleaning and improving the open city’s reservoirs, bringing about an
orderly arrangement of park zones, boulevards, public gardens, and green plantations along the
highways has been implemented.
Presenter – to Citizens:
As you can see environmental protection is the main problem facing humanity nowadays. The
image of a sick planet has become firmly established in the public mind lately. We can listen to
experts, to demand from the authorities to change the environmental situation but let’s begin with
ourselves first! Have you ever seen this sign? Слайд 21.
Citizens:
Reduce, reuse, recycle.
Presenter: What is “reduce”?
C1: Here, “reduce” refers to lessening the amount of items or resources that are consumed, using
only the amount that is needed, and looking for alternatives that will lessen our use.
Presenter: What about “reuse”?
C2: “Reuse” means extending the 'life' or repurposing an item rather than discarding or throwing it
away.
C3: And “recycle” means to process old, used items in order that the material can be used to make
new products. Examples of things that are often recycled are glass, plastic, newspapers, aluminum
cans, used motor oil, and batteries.
Presenter - to the guests:
Let’s ask our guests if they use the 3 Rs in their everyday life. What things do you recycle?
Do you reuse things? If yes, how? (Ответы гостей) Thanks a lot for your answers.
Presenter:
And now we all together: the experts, the representative of the Moscow Government, the
businessman, the housewife and an ordinary Muscovite will create a poster «Are you ready to be
green?» to show that it will depend on every human being the future life in our planet Earth.
Изготовление постера.
Слайд 22.
Presenter:
Let’s say what we should do to make our lovely city Moscow much better, much more
beautiful and much cleaner.
C 1: Encourage your family to use the bus, train or bike when commuting. If we all do this, there
will be less cars on road and less fumes.
C 2: Use energy (light, water, boiler, kettle and fire woods) wisely. This is because lots of fossil
fuels are burned to generate electricity, and so if we can cut down the use, we will also cut down the
amount of pollution we create.
C 3: Recycle and re-use things. This will minimize the dependence of producing new things.
Remember manufacturing industries create a lot of pollution, so if we can re-use things like
shopping plastic bags, clothing, paper and bottles, it can help.
C 4: Never throw rubbish away anyhow. Always look for the correct waste bin. If there is none
around, please take it home and put it in your trash can. This includes places like the beach,
riverside and water bodies.
C 5: Use water wisely. Do not keep the tap running when not in use. Also, you can reduce the
amount of water you use in washing and bathing. If we all do this, we can significantly prevent
water shortages and reduce the amount of dirty water that needs treatment.
C 6: Do not throw chemicals, oils, paints and medicines down the sink drain, or the toilet. In many
cities, your local environment office can help with the disposal of medicines and chemicals. Check
with your local authorities if there is a chemical disposal plan for local residents.
C 7: Buy more environmentally safe cleaning liquids for use at home and other public places. They
are less dangerous to the environment.
C 8: If you live close to a water body, try to plant lots of trees and flowers around your home, so
that when it rains, chemicals from your home does not easily drain into the water.
C9: Reuse any items that you can. Items like clothing, bottles, wrapping paper and shopping bags
can be used over and over again, rather than buying new things.
C 10: Personal litter should be disposed properly. We can separate household waste at home for
recycling.
Presenter:
Look at the screen to see how beautiful our planet can be! Слайд 23.
That’s all for today. Thank you for asking all burning questions, for your detailed answers, for
your attention, our dearest guests. If you have interesting stories or any questions, contact us. To get
in touch with our team email us on www.eligim.ru Слайд 24. Glad to see you in our studio again.
Save yourselves and your closests. Always with you, me, Anna V. See you soon.
Учащиеся поют «Kids for saving earth promise song».
Заключение.
В качестве домашнего задания предлагаю написать статью (150-180 слов) для
школьной стенгазеты на тему «Ecology».
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