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Подготовка к ЕГЭ по английскому языку "Говорение и письмо"

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Тематический кейс для подготовки учащихся к ЕГЭ ("Говорение" и "Письмо")
Part 1 (Speaking)
Speaking 1. Answer the questions
1. Family Life.
1. What is a happy family in your opinion? Why?
2. Should a young couple receive help from parents and other relatives? Why/why not?
3. Conflicts between parents and teenagers are eternal. Do you agree? Why/why not?
4. Mutual respect is the most important part of relations between parents and children. Do you
agree?
5. Say if you always share your ideas and problems with your parents. Why/why not?
6. Is it good if three generations (your parents and grandparents) live together in one family?
Why/why not?
7. Young people don't want to live with their parents. What do you think of it?
8. Is it good or bad to be an only child in the family? Why?
9. Do you agree that family life is more important for women than for men? Why?
10. Do you think that children should follow their parents' advice in any situation? Why?
11. Do you think that parents should be forbidden to hit their children? Why? Give your reasons.
2. Life Style.
1. What type of house would you prefer to live in? Why?
2. What place in your house/ flat do you consider the most important (kitchen, bedroom, sitting-
room,)? Give your reasons.
3. Do you enjoy the place where you live? Why/why not?
4. What place would you prefer to live in?
5. Do you enjoy your neighbourhood? Why/why not?
6. Has the standard of living changed in Russia? Give some examples.
7. Household duties (cleaning, washing up…) are relaxing and give us pleasure. Do you agree?
3. Personality. Famous people.
1. Do you judge people from first impression? Why/why not?
2. Say what is more important in a person- his character or his appearance. Why?
3. Some people are respected by everybody, others only by one or two. Why?
4. A person's character is usually formed in childhood. Do you agree? Why/or why not?
5. When we say a woman is beautiful, do we mean her appearance? What else can be beautiful?
6. We can't guess the man's character by his appearance. Why/why not?
7. Does changing our appearance (hairstyle, clothes, image…) change our personality as well?
Why/why not?
8. Do you agree that person's character is more important than his appearance? Why?
9. There are only advantages of being famous. Do you agree?
10. Does fame change people? Why/why not?
11. Would you like to be famous? Why/why not?
12. Do you agree that "a beauty lives an easier life"? Why?
13. Do you agree that famous people are selfish and boastful? Why/why not?
Кейс 1: Topic 1. Life Style. Family Life. Personality. Famous People. Friends and
Friendship.
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4. Friends and Friendship.
1. It's very important to have a close friend. Why/why not?
2. It's difficult to find a good friend. Why/why not?
3. Do you agree that love is more important in life than friendship? Why/why not?
4. The best friend is the one who helps you when you need it. Do you agree?
5. You get to know your real friends when you are in a difficult situation. Do you agree?
6. Friends are people who have the same interests. Do you agree? Why/why not?
7. What points do you take into consideration while choosing a friend? Why?
Speaking 2. Give a one-minute talk on the situation
1. Family Life. Life Style
1) What creates a friendly atmosphere at home? Express your own point of view on family values.
2) What issues do you think cause conflicts between parents and teenagers? Give your reasons.
3) What role do your relatives play in your life? With whom do you usually share your thoughts,
problems, and secrets? Whose advice is the most valuable? Develop these ideas.
4) Give your opinion about the division of household tasks in the family. Is it still the woman who
should actually do most of the household tasks or should the household duties be divided between
the man and the woman?
5) Sometimes three generations with very different attitudes and lifestyles live together in one family
home. What are some possible problems, and what can be done to keep them to a minimum?
6) Would you prefer to be an only child or one of the two or three children? Is it better to be the oldest
or the youngest child in the family? Give your reasons.
7) What happens when people get married? Are there any special activities or customs? Give a portrait
of an ideal wife and ideal husband. What qualities would you like to find in your ideal partner?
Give your reasons.
8) The International Tourism Bureau invites you to take part in the competition «Do You Know the
Russian Way of Life? ». The participants are to answer questions on some certain themes:
What are marriage statistics in Russia?
How many families break up every year?
What kind of difficulties do young families have?
Why don’t young married people have the necessary experience in family life?
How does the state help young families make a start in life?
Prepare a brief speech.
9) You have got a subject at school « Fundamentals of Family Life». Your teacher cannot come to the
lesson. She is ill. She asks you to make a report on «Russian Family».
10) Make a presentation of a new popular magazine «Family», trying to attract the readers’ attention to
its interesting articles on various aspects of family life.
11) Compare and contrast the American home, the British home and the Russian home.
12) Speak about your home and neighbourhood.
13) What are typical features of homes in Russia? (in Britain/the USA)
14) A foreign visitor wants to know about housing in StPetersburg. What information would you give?
15) Compare and contrast living in a country cottage and in an apartment.
16) Speak about the advantages and disadvantages of living in a city and in the countryside.
17) What are the main changes that have happened to housing in Russia over the last few years? Give
some examples.
18) What type of accommodation do the majority of Russian people like to live in? Can you think of
any reasons?
19) Why do you think there are homeless people in Russia? What could be done to improve the
situation?
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2. Personality and Famous People. Friends and Friendship.
1) Do you have a really good friend? Do you think that your friendship will last? What makes you
think so? What must we do not to make mistakes in choosing friends? Give your reasons.
2) A man’s character may be judged by noticing who his/ her friends and companions are. Do you
agree with this idea? Give your reasons.
3) The best friend is the one who helps you when you’re really in need of help. You get to know your
real friends when you are in a difficult situation. How else can you get to know your real friends?
Develop these ideas.
4) «Friendship is a great human’s treasure». How do you understand these words?
5) A local radio station is running a «BEST FRIEND» of the year’s competition. To enter, you must
write a short composition describing someone you really like. What can you write?
6) Which of the following do you think are important aspects in a friendship or in a steady
relationship?
To have similar -* tastes in music; tastes in food; *habits and routines; *hobbies and interests;
*opinions; *backgrounds.
What are chances of people with different tastes and personalities staying together?
7) What do you mean if you say about your friend, « her /his friendship means a lot to me»?
8) Say what you understand by active friendship. What must we do not to make mistakes in choosing
friends?
9) We meet different people during our life. Say what kind of people you like and what kind of people
you dislike. Speak about reasons for your likes and dislikes.
10) Say what you notice first about a person when you meet him/her for the first time. Say how you
judge people from first impression.
11) Say what is more important in a person- his character or his appearance. Give your reasons. What
is easier to change your appearance or your character? Why?
12) Give examples of nobility of characters taken from works by Russian and foreign writers. Say
which character is your favourite and why you like this character. Describe two literary personages
who are antipodes.
13) Some people are respected by everybody, others only by one or two. Why? Express your opinion.
14) A person’s character is usually formed in childhood. Do you agree or disagree? Give your reasons.
What are the essential factors that help mould a person’s character: background and environment;
educational possibilities; cultural standards; circumstances.
15) Some people may not be able to see beauty when it is near them. What do we mean when speak
about someone’s beauty? What is your idea of physical beauty? Can you name some famous people
who are really beautiful?
16) One of Chekhov’s characters said that everything must be beautiful in a person- face, dress, spirit
and mind. How do you understand it?
17) What are the traits of an ideal friend / wife / husband? Do you think it’s good to live with an ideal?
Give your reasons.
18) Do you agree that people’s eyes tell you a lot about their personality? How do you understand
these words: «You must look into people as well as at them»; «Appearances are deceptive»?
19) What traits of character in your opinion do pupils appreciate in a teacher? Give your reasons.
20) Do you think the appearance is important when you want to get a job? Why? In what jobs do you
think the appearance is essential? Why?
Speaking 3. Debates and Discussions
1. Consider the following: « Being married or being single» .Discuss the differences between them;
the advantages and disadvantages they have; say what you would do if you were given the choice.
2. Speak on the advantages and disadvantages of living with parents and grandparents.
3. Would you prefer to be an only child or one of the two or three children? Discuss what the
advantages / disadvantages are of:
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being an only child
having brothers and sisters
being a twin
4. Read these ideas about friendship and say if you agree or disagree. Give your arguments.
Friends are people to have fun with
Friends are people who have the same interests
Friends have no secrets from each other
Friends tolerate each other’s moods and faults
It’s a bad idea to have friends who are too close
It’s better if a friend has different interests
You can’t be a close friend with someone in your own family
You should try to get on well with everyone, not just friends
"The more friends you have, the better". Do you agree?
"Tell me who your friend is , and I tell you who you are". Do you agree?
"Show me your friend , and I'll tell you who you are". Do you agree?
"A friend in need is a friend indeed". How do you understand it?
When you are good to others, you are best to yourself. How do you understand it?
"A person's character may be judged by noticing who his/ her friends are". Do you
agree?
5. A stereotype is a fixed set of ideas that is generally held about the characteristics of a particular
type of person, which are (wrongly) believed to be shared by all the people of that type. What is
your stereotype of a British/ American person, Russian person?
6. Speak about possible people for this year’s title «PERSONALITY OF THE YEAR». They can be
from the world of politics, entertainment, sport, the arts or business. Speak about reasons why you
think he/she deserves the title.
7. What exactly do you understand by the word ‘IMAGE’? Why is image so important for media
figures, like politicians, stars, etc? Is it important for you? Discuss the importance of these
qualities, which of them you consider the most important for a political leader, what other qualities,
in your opinion, are necessary for a political leader to have.
an ability to organise and inspire others
an ability to plan a campaign
an ability to organise his/her mind
great capacity for detail
an ability to choose the right person for the right job
readiness to accept responsibility
willingness to make difficult decisions and stand by them
honesty
resolute determination
enthusiasm
high standards of personal conduct
8. In your opinion, what are the advantages and disadvantages of being famous? Does fame change
people? Have you ever met a famous person or received a letter from someone famous? If not, imagine
it. If you saw someone famous in a public place like a restaurant, what would you do? What would you
most like and most dislike about being famous? Express your ideas.
9. You are a top model. It’s not easy to be a high-fashion model. What difficulties and surprises do
they face? What ridiculous things are there in this profession? Speak about the advantages and
disadvantages of being a model.
Speaking 4. Discussing quotations, sayings and proverbs.
1) There are famous sayings:
« A house becomes a home with love inside».
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«There is no place like home», «East or West, Home is Best».
«Men make houses, women make homes».
« A man’s house is his castle» (Edward Coke);
"My home is my castle"
"Show me your home and I'll tell you who you are".
Give your comments.
2) Agree or disagree with the quotations; your opinion should be followed by some appropriate
comment where possible:
« All happy families resemble one another, each unhappy family is unhappy in its own
way» ( Leo Tolstoy)
« Home is the girl’s prison and the woman’s work-house». ( G.B. Shaw)
3) Try to explain how you understand these proverbs:
« As the baker- so the buns, as the father - so the son» ;
«As the tree- so the fruit.
Like father, like son»
«There is a black sheep in every flock»
4) How do you understand these sayings about friendship:
The only way to have a friend is to be one. (Emerson, «Friendship» , essays: First
Series 1841)
A true friend is one soul in two bodies. (Aristotle)
Friends are like melons. To find one good, you must a hundred try. ( Claude Mermet)
Before you look for friends you’d better become your own best friend.
Friends show their love in times of trouble, not in happiness. (Euripides, Orestes, 408
BC)
One loyal friend is worth ten thousand relatives. (Euripides, Orestes, 408 BC)
Your friend is the man who knows all about you, and still likes you. (Elbert Hubbard,
The Note Book, 1927)
«A friend is a person with whom I may be sincere. Before him I may think aloud».
Confirm or refute these words of Emerson.
5) Explain your understanding of the proverbs:
«Show me your friend, and I’ll tell you who you are».
« Friendship cannot stand always on one side»
«Actions speak louder than words»
«A friend in need is a friend indeed»
«A friend is never known till a man has need»
«A good friend is as sun in winter»
When you are good to others, you are best to yourself»
6) Explain your understanding of the poem:
Friendship is a thing for two, Friend are people who share,
Three or four, even more, Friends are people who care.
Like a song that is made to sing they try to understand.
Friendship is a doing thing. They give a helping hand.
7) Henry Longfellow, a famous American poet of the XIX century wrote, « Be noble in every
thought and in every deed! » Did Longfellow want his readers to be honest to themselves
and to other people? Discuss what the poet meant by these words.
8) Here are English proverbs: « Doing is better than saying», «Actions speak louder than words».
Give your own explanation of them.
9) How can you explain the sayings: «When you are good to others, you are best to yourself». Give
examples from books and from your own life.
10) How can you explain these words?
Men and melons are hard to know.
The same man cannot be both friend and flatterer.
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He that cannot obey cannot command.
A lie stands on one leg, truth on two. ( Benjamin Franklin )
11) Explain the proverb: When wealth is lost, nothing is lost;
When health is lost, something is lost;
When character is lost, all is lost.
12) Do you think that the saying «A beauty lives an easier life» is correct? Prove your point.
Speaking 5. Dramatizing and role-play
1) You are a top model and you meet a friend of yours in the airport. Give him/her your news and find
out where he/she has been and what he/she has done recently.
2) You saw a film yesterday. You liked the play of an actress/actor who is well-known but you can’t
remember her/his name. Describe her/his appearance to your friend, may be she/he will remember
the actress’s /actor’s name. Act out a conversation.
3) You’re members of a beauty contest jury. Discuss the participants and choose the most beautiful
girl. Dramatize the situation.
4) You witnessed a bank robbery. Describe the criminals for the policemen. Dramatize the situation.
5) Role-play.
Card A. You have two friends you like very much, but one of the friends does not like the other
one. You plan to invite both of them to your birthday party. Speak to the first friend to invite
her/him.
Card B. You like your friend and want to go to her/his birthday party. However, your friend will
probably invite someone else you dislike very much. You think that being in the same room with
this person will ruin the party for you, so you decide not to go if that person is going.
When your friend invites you, tell him /her your feelings.
6) You’ve read an advertisement in a magazine and now you dream of becoming a model. You ring up
to the agency and have a talk with an administrator. Act out a conversation.
7) Your family is going to receive guests or give a party. You are discussing what should be done to
make the house look better. Everyone is giving his/her suggestions. Act out a conversation.
8) The husband thinks the 17-year-old daughter is too young to go out on dates. The wife disagrees.
Act out a conversation.
9) Dramatize a short play in which the members of the family greet the elder daughter who has just
arrived and she is talking to her mother about her trip.
10) Act out a scene in which the family is planning a day out (or holiday) and discussing various ideas.
Each member of the family suggests ideas of where to go; trying to convince the others that his/her
idea is the best.
Speaking 6. Give a two-minute talk on the topic
Task 1. Give a 2-minute talk on family life.
Remember to say:
what creates a friendly atmosphere at home
which family values are most important for you and why
what issues cause conflicts between parents and teenagers
Task 2. Give a 2-minute talk on family life.
Remember to say:
who is in your family and what they do
what things you like to do together
who you are close to in your family, and why
Task 3. Give a 2-minute talk on your life style
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Remember to say:
about living in a country cottage and in an apartment. What are the advantages and
disadvantages of it?
what type of house would you prefer to live in? Give your reasons.
about your home and neighbourhood
Task 4. Give a 2-minute talk on where you live
Remember to say:
what kind of building (house, flat, etc.) you live in
what neighbourhood is like
whether you like where you live ; why /why not
Task 5. Give a 2-minute talk on personality
Remember to say:
what kind of people are liked and respected by all members of society, why;
if it is good to trust your first impressions, why/ why not
if there are stereotypes of people of different professions, give your examples;
Task 6 Give a 2-minute talk on famous people.
Remember to say:
what makes people famous (writers, singers, politicians, etc.)
where you prefer to get information about famous people from, and why;
if the life of a famous person is easy, and why/ why not.
Task 7 Give a 2-minute talk on your best friend
Remember to say:
what your best friend looks like and why you like him/her
when and how you met
what you enjoy doing together, why
Speaking 7. Role Play
Task 1- an Interview
A famous star/ singer is giving an interview about his/ her life. You are a reporter who is interested in
her/his private life and asks her questions:
about his/her career
why he/she decided to choose this job
about the future plans
Remember to:
Be polite and active
Ask all the questions
Find out as much information as possible
Finish the conversation properly
Task 2 -an Interview
A famous star is giving an interview about her life. One student is a famous cinema star who is giving
an interview. The second student is a reporter who is interested in her/his private life and asks her
questions about:
Her/ his childhood
Her/his marriage
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Her/his relations with children
Her/his family celebrations
Remember to:
Be polite and active
Ask all the questions
Find out as much information as possible
Finish the conversation properly
Task 3. -Giving some advice
Your friend is in a bad mood today. Try to talk to him:
ask him why he is in a mood;
give him some advice how to change the situation;
try to help him
Remember to:
Be polite and active
Find out as much information as possible
Finish the conversation properly
Speaking 8. Simulated Situation
Task 1. -How to be successful in life
You and your friend are discussing what to do to be successful in life. You have three options for
discussion:
to be talented
to marry successfully
to graduate from a prestigious university
Remember to:
be active and polite
discuss all the options
give good reasons
ask for your partner’s point of view
Task 2. - Family celebrations
You and your friend have a task to write a report about a family celebration. You are given 4
options for discussion:
A holiday celebration A wedding reception Christening A birthday party
Discuss all these options and choose one you both like most of all. Give reasons for your choice
Remember to:
Ask for your partner’s point of view
Give reasons for your choice
Be active and polite
Take turns
Come to an agreement
Task 3 - Discussing a new coming baby in your family
You and your sister/ brother are discussing a new coming baby in your family. Discuss the following
options and choose one you both like most of all. Give reasons for your choice.
Troubles Duties Fun Happiness
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Remember to:
Ask for your partner’s point of view
Give reasons for your choice
Be active and polite
Take turns
Come to an agreement
Task 4. - Discussing a birthday party
You and your relative (sister, brother, cousin…) are discussing your birthday party. There are 4
options to choose from. You have to decide on one of them:
*Home party with relatives *Home party with your friends *Going to a disco bar
* A barbecue party in the countryside
Remember to:
Discuss all the options
Take an active part in the conversation and be polite
Come up with suggestions
Agree or disagree with your partner and give reasons
Come to an agreement
Task 5. - Discussing a birthday party
You and your relative (sister, brother, cousin…) are discussing your birthday party. There are 4
options to choose from. You have to decide on one of them:
Home party with relatives
Home party with your friends
Going to a disco bar
A barbecue party in the countryside
Remember to:
Discuss all the options
Take an active part in the conversation and be polite
Come up with suggestions
Agree or disagree with your partner and give reasons
Come to an agreement
Task 6. - Choosing a present
You and your sister/brother are thinking of what you can present your mum. Discuss the following
options and choose one you both like most of all:
Vase Candy Flowers Self-made pie
Remember to:
Discuss all the options
Take an active part in the conversation and be polite
Come up with suggestions
Agree or disagree with your partner and give reasons
Come to an agreement
Task 7. - Choosing a present
It’s March 7
th
. You want to make a pleasant surprise for your Mum tomorrow. You can:
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Cook a holiday dinner
Tidy up the flat
Make a self-made present
Arrange a congratulation speech on the radio
Discuss it with your sister/brother and choose one activity you both prefer.
Remember to:
Discuss all the options
Take an active part in the conversation and be polite
Come up with suggestions
Agree or disagree with your partner and give reasons
Come to an agreement
Useful Vocabulary
Next Friday is …..’s birthday and we’ve got to think of a present for her/him.
Well, why not present her/him with a……..because……
Quite right. Isn’t it a lucky idea?
I’m breaking the promise, but Father is going to present you with a …… for your birthday.
How nice! My dreams are coming true.
Task 8. - Choosing a present
You and your mother / sister/brother are discussing a present you are going to give to your Granny’s
50
th
anniversary. Discuss the following options and choose one you both like most of all:
A watch A TV set A dress A necklace
Remember to:
Discuss all the options
Take an active part in the conversation and be polite
Come up with suggestions
Agree or disagree with your partner and give reasons
Come to an agreement
Part 2 (Writing)
Writing 1 (a personal letter)
Letter 1.
This is part of your letter from Mary.
……….I'm going to StPetersburg next month and I'll have to make new friends. The problem is I'm
really shy! Are you good at making new friends? How do you do it? Have you ever been in a similar
situation? Any suggestions would be useful.
Looking forward to hearing from you.
Love,
Mary
Write back to Marry answering her questions.
Letter2.
This is part of a letter from your pen friend.
………My parents often get annoyed with me because I spend a lot of time on the phone talking to my
friends. Do you talk to your friends a lot on the phone too? Do your parents get annoyed with you?
What do you do about it? If you've got any ideas about what I should do about it, let me know!
Write soon,
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Love,
Rebecca
Write back to Rebecca answering her questions.
Letter 3
This is part of a letter from your pen friend.
…………It's my parents' 20
th
wedding anniversary next week. Do you think I should organize a
celebration? Have you ever organized anything like that? We could have a party, or go out for a meal,
or maybe do something else. What do you think would be a good idea?
Love,
Lena
Write back to Lena answering her questions.
Writing 2 (an essay)
Task 1.
Comment on the following statement:
In European countries children after 18 are supposed to live on their own. What can you say FOR and
AGAINST living with your parents?
Task 2.
Comment on the following statement:
Most children enjoy computer games but their parents are against them. What can you say FOR and
AGAINST playing computer games.
Task 3.
Comment on the following statement:
Some people believe that teenagers today are generally rude, lazy and badly behaved. Other people,
however, think that teenagers have a bad reputation for no reason.
Do you agree that teenagers are often criticized unfairly?
HELP! Useful Vocabulary
Talking about yourself and your life. Introducing people.
Names
Age
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Family relationships
Marital status
Types of people
46. adolescent- юноша, молодой человек
47. acquaintance-знакомый
48. bachelor-холостяк
49. best friend-лучший друг
50. boyfriend / girlfriend
51. bully-хулиган, задира
52. classmate-одноклассник
53. colleague / business associate-коллега
54. hermit- отшельник
55. neighbour- сосед
56. spinster ./ old maid – старая дева
57. tycoon- финансовый магнат
Describing people: Character and Personality
1. absent-minded-рассеянный
2. adventurous-авантюрный,
безрассудный
34. impressionable-впечатлительный
35. indecisive-нерешительный
36. level-headed-рассудительный
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3. aggressive-агрессивный
4. amusing-удивительный
5. articulate-четко выражающий свои
мысли
6. bashful-застенчивый, робкий
7. blunt-грубый, резкий
8. boastful- хвастливый
9. bright- умный, одарённый
10. broad-minded-с широким кругозором
11. calm- спокойный
12. callous-бессердечный, толстокожий
13. cheeky-нахальный
14. cockyдерзкий, нахальный
15. conceited-самодовольный,
высокомерный
16. confident- уверенный
17. considerate-внимательный к другим,
деликатный
18. conscientious-сознательный,
добросовестный
19. courageous-смелый, храбрый
20. creative- творческий
21. determined-решительный
22. domineering-деспотический, властный
23. down-to-earth-реалистичный
24. emotional- эмоциональный
25. enthusiastic-полный энтузиазма
26. extravagant-сумасбродный,
экстравагантный
27. gullible-доверчивый, легковерный
28. highly-strung-напряженный
29. hospitable-гостеприимный
30. humble-скромный, застенчивый
31. fussy-суетливый, нервный
32. impatient- нетерпеливый
33. possessive-собственнический
37. loyal-верный, преданный
38. malicious-злобный, ехидный
39. modest-скромный
40. naïve-наивный
41. narrow-minded- ограниченный,
недалёкий
42. neurotic-нервный, неврастеник
43. obstinate- упрямый
44. pompous-высокопарный, напыщенный
45. prejudiced-предвзятый
46. ruthless- беспощадный
47. secretive-замкнутый, скрытный
48. self-centred-эгоцентричный
49. self-confident-самоуверенный
50. sensible-разумный, рассудительный
51. shrewd-проницательный, практичный
52. single-minded-прямодушный, искренний
53. smug-самодовольный
54. soft-hearted-мягкосердечный
55. spiteful-злорадный, злопамятный
56. strict-строгий
57. strong-willed-волевой
58. superstitious-суеверный
59. talented-талантливый
60. thrifty- бережливый
61. two-faced-двуличный
62. unreliable-ненадёжный
63. weak-willed-бесхарактерный
64. well-bred-благовоспитанный
65. well-mannered-воспитанный
66. wise-мудрый
67. witty-остроумный
Verbs you can use to talk about your life
1. be born-родиться
2. be buried-быть похороненным
3. be called- быть названным
4. become a grandfather- стать дедушкой
5. buy a house-купить дом
6. die-умереть
7. fall in love-влюбиться
8. be head over heels in love- влюбиться
по уши
9. get a new job-найти новую работу
10. get divorced-развестись
11. get engaged-обручиться
12. get married-жениться
13. go to university / enter the university-
15. leave school-закончить школу
16. move-переехать, уехать
17. retire-уйти на пенсию
18. start school-поступить в школу
19. start work- приступить к работе
20.
21. be head and shoulders above someone-
быть на голову выше
22. talk to the wind-бросать слова на ветер
23. be a teacher’s pet- быть любимчиком
учителя
24. look like someone- быть на кого-то
похожим
25. get used to doing smth- привыкнуть к
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поступить в университет
14. learn to drive-научиться водить
машину
чему-то
26. love and hate- любить и ненавидеть
27. grow up- вырастать, подрасти
28. trust someone- доверять кому-то
How has a person changed?
1. gained /lost weight- располнел / похудел
2. got some wrinkles- появились морщины
3. gone grey / bald- стал седым / полысел
4. grown a beard / moustache- отпустил бороду / усы
5. started wearing…….- стал носить….
6. let his/ her hair grow- отрастил волосы
7. cut / dyed his/her hair-подрезал / покрасил волосы
8. got more /less popular/ serious….-стал более/ менее популярным/ серьёзным
9. become famous….- стал известным
HELP! What is the price of fame? What are the advantages and disadvantages of being
famous?
ADVANTAGES
Celebrities have to look perfect all the time. There’s always a photographer ready to take a picture
of a famous person.
Famous people will always be in the centre of attention
Famous people are written about and photographed for newspapers and magazines
Famous people have a lot of money and can buy anything they want
They can live in a luxurious house anywhere in the world
Famous people can travel a lot and meet celebrities
Famous people can use wealth and influence to help charity organizations
You will always be in the centre of attention
DISADVANTAGES
Celebrities sacrifice their private lives. Their personal problems, divorces, or family tragedies all
end up as front-page news.
They are followed by crazy fans wherever they go. The paparazzi follow celebrities and take
pictures of them in unflattering and compromising poses. But for the celebrities these photos are an
invasion of privacy.
They worry constantly about their reputation. Actors may lose their popularity, singers may lose
their voices, athletes may be injured…
It’s difficult for famous people to know who to trust. Ex-lovers may sell their stories to the
newspapers. Their accountants or impresarios may be secretly cheating them…
Famous people can never be sure whether people like them for themselves or because they are
famous. For this reason, it’s difficult for them to make true friends.
Furthermore, celebrities are in constant danger of the wrong kind of attention. Threatening letters
and even physical attacks from crazy fans are not unusual things in their lives.
Many of them suffer nervous breakdowns or drugs and alcohol problems.
Many celebrities say that their lives are far from being happy.
HELP! Household Chores
to cook meals/ to prepare breakfast…
to lay the table/ to clear the table
to clean the room/ to tidy up a room
to polish the floor/ to sweep the floor
to hammer a nail
to wash up/ to iron
to dust the furniture
to vacuum the floor
to iron clothes/ to do the ironing
to sew/ knit/ patch/ darn
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to saw wood/ to chop wood
to mend/ repair
look after/ take care of
to empty the rubbish bin/ to carry out the garbage
HELP! Living in a big city
Advantages
comfortable flats with all modern
conveniences
more entertainment, a lot of cultural centres
more chances to be employed / to enter this or
that university
shopping facilities /sports facilities
developed transport system
life is more anonymous
Disadvantage
air and noise pollution
cost of living is high
crime rate is high
traffic jams / car crashes / rush hours
constant queuing
always in a hurry
litter and garbage
stressful life
HELP! Living in the countryside
Advantages
cost of living is cheaper
life is safer
less crime
less traffic
fresh air and beautiful nature
peace and quiet are good for nervous system
Disadvantages
difficult living and working conditions
no entertainment
problem of employment
it takes much time to get to town
everybody knows you and expects you
to live and behave in a certain way
HELP! The place where you live
Introductions and opening conversation gambits.
Инициирование разговора
Развитие и завершение разговора
Wendy, I’d like you to
meet my brother, Sam.
Mrs Huges, this is Peter
Brown.
Mother, this is Joe’s
brother, Dan.
Mrs Stacey, I’d like to
introduce my Greek
friend, Milos.
Let me introduce Mr N
( formal) I’d like to
introduce Mr N.
Meet my cousin. I’d
like you to meet….
How do you find things over here? What are your first
impressions of…….
What do you think of life in………? How do you like……….?
-I’m still feeling pretty homesick.
- If it wasn’t for the climate, I’d like it very much.
-It’s quite different from what I expected.
Dima, tell me something about your friend. What’s his name,
what’s he like, how long have you been friends?
- We’ve been friends for ages. And we’ve been friends ever since.
-I met… and we have been friends ever since. I’ve known…for
…years .
- Do you agree with the statement that the eyes are the mirror of
the soul.
- Has he no failings? Is he absolutely 100% reliable in character
ADVANTAGES
Low cost of living; crime rate is low;
there are good schools; it’s easy to find
work; entertainment facilities; good
sports facilities; fresh air; few cars;
good transport connections; interesting
shops; the people are friendly…..
DISADVANTAGES
Expensive to live there; streets are dangerous at
night; there are not many schools; few cinemas,
discos etc.; not many sports grounds; pollution;
traffic; noise; not enough buses, trains etc.; no
variety among shops; no sense of community
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John, this is my friend
(informal)
Can you do me a favour,
Jim? Would you mind
introducing me to Miss
Jones?
- Glad / pleased / nice
to meet you
- I’ve heard so much
about you.
- How do you do?
and behaviour. ( У него нет недостатков? Он абсолютно
положительный по характеру и поведению)
- I wouldn’t say that. On the whole he is very responsible with
work and very loyal in his relationships, but he does have some
failings. (В целом он ответственный в делах и верный в от
ношениях, но у него есть недостатки.)
- But that doesn’t spoil our friendship. You don’t ever feel bored
with a real friend.
- Apart from school, we see each other a lot.
We ought to go somewhere to talk. How about…..cafe?
Meeting people after a long time.
Инициирование разговора
Развитие и завершение разговора
We haven’t seen you for ages.
Where have you been?
We haven’t seen each other
for…….days (months, years)
I’ve got so much to tell you!
Hi, Bill. Haven’t seen you in
ages!
- Oh, hi! It has been a long
while!
How nice to see you again.
Hello,…..Nice to see you
again!
Hello,… What a surprise
seeing you!
Come in and sit down. We haven’t seen much of you lately.
- I’ve been visiting relations.
- I’ve been away on holiday.
- I’ve been to…….
What on earth have you been doing there?
-Ooh… a little bit of exploring, a little bit of discovering-
nothing much, really. By the way………
– How’s your family?
But what about you? Haven’t you been away?
It was great seeing you. Bye!
Talking to a distant relative trying to find out what relationship you stand to each other.
A: What relationship is Jack /… to you? B: Well, he’s my remote kinsman.
A: Are you any relation to Jim Brown, the well-known football player? B: Yes, he is my uncle.
A: Are you related to Helen? B: Yes , she is my cousin.
A: Have you sent greetings to our relations? B: Only to grandparents.
…………………………………………………………………………………..
A: What does your brother do? / What is your brother? / Where do you come from? / Where are they
from? / What is he like? How does he look like? What does he look like? B: ………………………….
C: He has a twin brother. They’re as alike as two peas in a pod. Only my sister and I can tell them
apart.
Don’t you think that’s a bit of an age gap? (тебе не кажется, что это очень большая разница в
возрасте?)
Sample Conversation
Model Dialogues. Here are some models in which people invite someone of the opposite sex to go
out on a date or to a party.
(1)
Susan: Hi, Jim.
Jim: I was wondering if you are doing something Friday night. I have tickets to a rock concert.
Susan: Which one?
Jim: I have two tickets to see the Flaming Idiots concert. Would you like to go with me?
Susan: I’d love to!
17
Jim: Great! I’ll pick you up at seven o’clock.
Susan: OK. See you then.
Jim: Good bye.
(2)
Laurie: Hi , Jeff.
Jeff: Hello. How’s it going?
Laurie: Great. I’m having a party Saturday night and I’d like you to come.
Jeff: Thanks. What time does it start?
Laurie: Eight-thirty. Can you come?
Jeff: Sure, I wouldn’t miss one of your parties.
(3)
Julie: Hi, Alex.
Alex: Oh, Julie. You’re just the person I wanted to see!
Julie: Really? What’s up?
Alex: How would you like to go to next Saturday’s football game with me?
Julie: Next Saturday? Gee, I’m sorry, I can’t. That’s my mother’s birthday.
Alex: Oh, I was really hoping that you could go.
Julie: Well, maybe some other time.
HELP! (Writing a letter)
Образец написания письма (Informal Letter)
Greeting
- never begin Dear friend / Pen friend; write the name Dear Jane,
Introduction
- reasons for writing; / - an apology for a delay in writing / - a thank you to the person for his last
letter
Main Body
- divide your letter into paragraphs and include 2-3 points in each paragraph
Conclusion
Your address
The date
Greeting
Dear….,
Introduction (§ 1-opening remarks)
Main Body (§§ 2-3 - development of the subject )
Conclusion (§ 4 - closing remarks)
Ending (say goodbye and sign your name)
18
-an excuse to stop writing/ - greetings to the person’s family ( friends) / - an invitation/ - a
promise to write again soon, / - a request to the person to reply soon
Ending
- Lots of love/ Best wishes + your first name
Useful Vocabulary
Вводные фразы
Заключительные фразы
It was great to get your letter….
Thanks for your letter. It was great / lovely
to hear from you.
Thanks for your long letter. It was really
great to hear all your news, after not
hearing from you for ages…..
Sorry I haven’t written for so long but…..
I’m very sorry about not replying to your
letter sooner but I’ve been extremely busy.
Sorry for not writing earlier but I’ve………
How are things with you? I’m sorry I
haven’t written for so long, but ……
I was really pleased to hear that….
I thought I’d better write and tell you
about….
I would really like you to visit me this
summer. Write to me and tell me your plans.
Thanks for sending me… Please write to me
again soon, and tell me all your news.
Please give/send my regards (love) to your….
And write and tell me your plans for….
I would really love to see you. Why don’t you
come and visit me this….. Write back soon!
If you want to know anything else, just drop
me a line.
Well, that’s all for now. Do write back soon.
That’s all my news for now…
Письма с просьбой дать совет. Asking for advice
Вводные фразы
Заключительные фразы
Formal
Formal
StPetersburg
Russia
} пропустить строчку
January 1
st
Dear Mary,
} пропустить строчку
Thank you for your lovely birthday card, I have not written sooner as I wanted to invite you
round and would never find a suitable time.
} пропустить строчку (каждый параграф начинать пропуская строчку)
We are having a small party next Friday night to celebrate Tony’s return from Canada , and we
would be very happy if you and Simon could join us, around 8 p.m. Do come if you can.
} пропустить строчку
Looking forward to seeing you.
} пропустить строчку
Yours,
} пропустить строчку
Anna
19
I would appreciate it if you could give me
some advice about…
I am writing to ask if you could help me
with…
I am writing to ask for your advice.
Could you possibly offer your advice?
Could you please give me your advice?
I am writing to request some advice
concerning…
I would be grateful if you could offer your
advice.
I wonder if you could help me with a
problem…
Informal
I am writing to ask for your advice.
Can you give me your advice?
Give me your advice about….
Can you think of anything that…?
I’ve got a problem and I need your advice
I’ve got a problem, and I think you can
help.
I would be grateful if you could give me your
advice as soon as possible
I look forward to receiving your advice.
It would be of great help if you could advise
me.
I would greatly appreciate your assistance in
this matter.
I would appreciate it if you could give me
your advice as soon as possible.
Informal
What do you think I should do?
Give me / Send me your advice soon.
Do you think I should…?
Do you have any idea about…?
Please let me know what to do
Please let me know what you think I should
do
I’d like to know what you think about…
Write back soon and tell me what you think.
Your advice would help me a lot.
Письма-советы. Giving advice
Вводные фразы
Фразы основной части
Заключительные фразы
Formal
Thank you for your
letter requesting….
I am writing in reply
to your letter asking
for advice about……..
I am writing with
regard to your letter
requesting advice
concerning….
Informal
I ‘m sorry to hear
..…and I think I can
help.
Cheer up / Don’t
worry too much.
Don’t let it get you
down
I’m only too glad to
help.
I just got your letter
and I think……
Here’s what I think
you should do.
Formal
I strongly recommend that…….
I would suggest that………
I believe the best course of action
is….
I would advise you to………
You should / ought to……..
If I were you I would………
Informal
Why don’t you……….?
If I were you / in your position,
I’d…../ I wouldn’t…..
Have you thought of / about ……+
Ving?
Don’t forget to….
It would be a good idea to………
What you should do is…
How about + Ving………? What
about + Ving…..?
I think you should……
The best advice I can give you
is………
Another good idea is to……
Formal
I trust you will accept
this advice
I hope this advice will
be of help
I hope to have been of
assistance to you/
I would very much like
to know if this advice
was helpful / has been
of some use.
Informal
I hope that this / my
advice helps.
Let me know what
happens.
Let me know how it
went.
Let’s hope that things
get better
Let’s hope that
everything turns out all
right.
Hope this helped.
If you do this, you
20
would…….
HELP! (Writing an Essay)
Дискуссионные сочинения. Discursive essays.
Тип
сочинения и
примерный
план
Introduction
Main Body
Conclusion
1 ‘For’ and
‘Against’
essays
(formal style)
§ 1
-present the topic and
state the problem
-make a general
remark about it
without giving your
opinion
§ 2,3
-Arguments “for”( 3 points)
-Arguments “against”(3 points)
(support your arguments with
examples)
§ 4
- your opinion based
on the given
arguments
2. Opinion
essays
(formal style)
§ 1
- introduce the
subject and state
your opinion
§ 2-4 – or more paragraphs
- first viewpoint supported by
reasons/ examples
-second viewpoint supported by
reasons/ examples
- the opposing viewpoint
supported by reasons/ examples
§ 5
- summarise what
you’ve said
-restate your opinion
using different words
Useful Language (FOR and AGAINST essay)
I. Introduction ( state the topic /problem , you talk generally about the topic, you may ask a
question or start with a quotation)
- As a general rule……. It is popularly believed that…….. It is often
suggested…….People often claim that…….A lot of people think that…….. Many people are
in favour of…… / are convinced that…..
- We all know that…
- Can you imagine …….? Isn’t it amazing……..? Have you ever thought of….? Isn’t
it strange…?
- There are both advantages and disadvantages ……….. Let’s begin with………
II. Main Body (points FOR and AGAINST , along with your justification, appear in two separate
paragraphs)
To introduce points
- The main / most important / greatest advantage of……is that……
- Another advantage/ disadvantage of…… A further advantage/ disadvantage of……
- One point of view in favour of / against… The best/ worst thing about……is………
To list points
- In the first place… First of all……… To start with… To begin with…
- Secondly… Thirdly…… Finally……… Last but not least………
To add more points to the same topic
- What is more… Furthermore ……. Moreover………
- In addition to this…. Besides……… Apart from this……….
To make contrasting points
- on the other hand …… however…… in spite of the fact that ……… despite the fact
that………
- while……nevertheless… even though…… although…. it can be argued that………
21
To introduce examples
- for example……… for instance… such as…….. in particular…………
III. Conclusion ( you give either your opinion or a balanced consideration of the topic, or give the
reader something to consider, or to end with a quotation)
To conclude
- to sum up…….. all in all …........ on the whole………. in conclusion ………
- taking everything into account………/ as was previously stated
- All things considered , although there are some disadvantages…….., I believe it is…….
- All in all, I believe that there are more advantages than disadvantages…..
Useful Language (OPINION essay)
I. Introduction ( state the topic/ problem ; you may ask a question or start with a quotation; state
your opinion)
state the topic /problem
-Is too much emphasis placed on……?
- Nowadays, we are often told …… Every day… There is no doubt that……..
- Over the past few years,……. Are you among those who……..? Why has……become…?
-The British poet…once said that “….”
- There are various facts that support this opinion.
To express opinion
- In my opinion……… I believe………. It seems to me…… The way I see it……..
II. Main Body (each paragraph should present a separate viewpoint supported by your reason,
another paragraph should present the opposing viewpoint)
To list points
- In the first place… First of all……… To start with… To begin with…
- Secondly… Thirdly…… Finally……… Last but not least………
To add more points to the same topic
- What is more… Furthermore ……. Moreover………
- In addition to this…. Besides……… Apart from this……….
To introduce contrasting viewpoints
- It is argued that……. People argue that……. Opponents of this view say ………
- There are people who oppose……… Contrary to what most believe……….
To introduce examples
- for example……… for instance… such as…….. in particular…………
III. Conclusion ( you restate your opinion using different words)
To conclude
- to sum up…….. all in all ……….. all things considered….... on the whole……….
- in conclusion ……… taking everything into account………/ as was previously stated
- All in all, I still feel that the benefits of ……..outweigh the disadvantages.
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