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Present Simple (Настоящее простое время)

Present Simple (Настоящее простое время)
Мы употребляем данное время, когда речь идет о:
- действии, которое происходит обычно/регулярно в настоящем;
- привычках и пристрастиях;
- расписании,
- том, что человек умеет, на что способен
- инструкциях, указаниях и приказах, рецептах, спортивных обзорах, природных явлениях.
1) Повествовательно предложение: подлежащее + V1 ( но после He/she/it к глаголу прибавляется
окончание –(e)s)
I swim – Я плаваю. You swim – Ты плаваешь. He swims. – Он плавает. She swims. – Она плавает.
It swims. – Оно плавает. We swim. – Мы плаваем. They swim. – Они плавают.
2) Отрицание: подлежащее + do/does + not + V1 ( does употребляется с he, she it)
Do not = don’t does not = doesn’t
I do not swim. – Я не плаваю. You do not swim. – Ты не плаваешь. He does not swim. – Он не
плавает. She does not swim. – Она не плавает. It does not swim. – Оно не плавает. We do not swim.
– Мы не плаваем. They do not swim. – Они не плавают.
3) Вопрос: do/does + подлежащее + V1
Do I swim? – Я плаваю? Do you swim? – Ты плаваешь? Does he swim? – Он плавает? Does it
swim? – Оно плавает? Does she swim? – Она плавает? Do we swim? – Мы плаваем? Do they swim?
– Они плавают?
(V1 – это глагол в первой форме, то есть глагол без частицы to и различных окончаний и
суффиксов, например: to swim – инфинитив, swim – первая форма глагола; to read – инфинитив,
read – первая форма глагола)
№1 Прочитай и переведи следующие повествовательные предложения.
1. I go to school every day.
2. He goes to school every day.
3. We water the flowers every Sunday and Tuesday.
4. She waters the flowers every Sunday and Tuesday.
5. My brother runs in the park every morning.
6. I swim in the river every summer.
7. They live in London.
8. My grandfather lives in Moscow.
9. His granny reads books every evening.
10. Our father works every day.
№2 Прочитай и переведи следующие отрицательные предложения.
1. We don’t go to school every day.
2. She doesn’t sing.
3. My father doesn’t eat cheese.
4. Our grandma doesn’t ride a bike.
5. He doesn’t live in London.
6. We don’t swim in the river in winter.
7. He doesn’t read books every morning.
8. Our friends don’t eat butter every morning.
9. His dog doesn’t eat fish.
10. Her cat doesn’t drink tea.
№3 Прочитай и переведи следующие вопросительные предложения.
1. Do you go to school every day?
2. Does she like sweets?
3. Do they run in the park?
4. Does he watch TV?
5. Do you read book?
6. Does your dog eat meat?
7. Does his grandmother water flowers every day?
8. Do your friends live in Moscow?
9. Do you ride a bike every Saturday?
10. Does his cat eat fish?
Если в русском предложении нет глагола, то в английском предложении мы используем
глагол-связку to be (is/am/are), который можно перевести условно, как «быть, находиться,
являться»
1. Повествовательное: подлежащее + is/am/are
I am a teacher. – Я – учитель. You are a teacher. – Ты – учитель. He is a teacher. – Он учитель.
She is a teacher. – Она – учитель. It is a teacher. – Это – учитель. We are teachers. – Мы – учителя.
They are teachers. – Они – учителя.
2. Отрицание: подлежащее + is/am/are + not
I am not a teacher. – Я - не учитель. You are not a teacher. – Ты – не учитель. He is not a teacher.
– Он - не учитель. She is not a teacher. – Она - не учитель. It is not a teacher. – Это не учитель. We
are not teachers. – Мы - не учителя. They are not teachers. – Они - не учителя.
3. Вопрос: Is/am are + подлежащее?
Am I a teacher? – Я учитель? Are you a teacher? – Ты учитель? Is he a teacher? – Он учитель? Is
she a teacher? – Она учитель? Is it a teacher? – Это учитель? Are we teachers? – Мы учителя? Are
they teachers? – Они учителя?
I am, you are, he is, she is, it is, we are, they are
№4 Прочитай и переведи следующие предложения.
1. I am a teacher.
2. She is a student.
3. We are good children.
4. My father is handsome.
5. I am eight.
6. They are in Moscow.
7. My friends are poets.
8. She is twenty-five.
9. The book is interesting.
10. The doctor is good.
№5 Прочитай и переведи следующие отрицательные предложения.
1. I am not a teacher.
2. He is not a child.
3. We are not angry.
4. My mom is not sad.
5. Pencil is not red.
6. She is not fat.
7. He is not slim.
8. They are not bad.
9. You are not in London.
10. The tiger is not black.
№6 Прочитай и переведи следующие вопросительные предложения.
1. Is he a student?
2. Are you from England?
3. Is your sister kind?
4. Are they smart?
5. Is she Russian?
6. Are you happy?
7. Is your friend angry?
8. Is her father a doctor?
9. Is his father slim?
10. Are their cats fat?
В английском языке часто используются сокращения, особенно когда речь идет об
отрицании, глаголах to be и have got/has got (иметь). Запомни:
do not = don’t
does not = doesn’t
is not = isn’t
are not = aren’t
I am = I’m
he is = he’s
she is = she’s
it is = it’s
we are = we’re
they are = they’re
I have got = I’ve got
she has got = she’s got
he has got = he’s got
it has got = it’s got
we have got = we’ve got
they have got = they’ve got
you have got = you’ve got
№ 7 Прочитай и переведи предложения (обрати внимание на вопросы и ответы на них).
1. Do you go to school? – Yes, I do.
2. Do you run in the morning? – No I don’t.
3. Does he eat fish? – Yes, he does.
4. Does she like cats? – No, she doesn’t.
5. Do they live in Russia? – Yes, they do.
6. Does his dog want milk? – No, it doesn’t.
7. Are you a teacher? – Yes, I am.
8. Is he strong? – No, he isn’t.
9. Is she beautiful? – Yes, she is.
10. Are they happy? – No, they aren’t
11. Are your friends from London? – Yes, they are.
12. Is it a dog? – No, it isn’t.
Как и в русском языке, англичане часто используют вопросительные слова и фразы в
вопросительных предложениях. Они, как правило, ставятся вначале вопросительного
предложения.
What – что? какой?
Why – почему?
Where – где? куда?
When – когда?
Which – который?
Who – кто?
How – как?
How much/how many – сколько?
Where are you from? – Откуда вы?
What is your name? – Как вас зовут?
How old are you? – Сколько тебе лет?
How are you? – Как дела?
How long – Как долго?
Who are you? – Кто ты?
What are you? – Кто ты по профессии?
…
№8 Прочитай и переведи.
1. What do you read every day? – I read an interesting book.
2. Where does she go on Mondays? – She goes to the gym.
3. Why do you like milk? – I like milk, because it is tasty.
4. What is your name? – My name is Ann.
5. Where are you from? – I’m from London.
6. How old is he? – He’s 11.
7. How are you? – I’m OK.
8. What are you? – I’m a teacher.
9. Who is it? – It is a dog.
10. When do you drink coffee? – I drink coffee every morning.
№ 9 Составьте предложения и переведите на русский язык (слова из третьего столбика (в
задании а) и из первого столбика (в задании с) не обязательно должны быть использованы в
каждом предложении).
a)
I
you
we
they
he
she
Ann
Tom
My friends
His mom
His sister
Her father
My mother
A cat
A dog
every morning
every evening
every day
often
always
every Monday
every summer
every winter
every weekend
in the kitchen
in the library
at school
in the University
very well
perfectly
usually
in spring
every Sunday
six times a week
every month
weekly
b)
I
You
They
We
He
She
It
Bob
Peter
Martin
Sue
Andrew
My mom
His grandpa
Their friends
People
Students
His teacher
Your book
Cats
Rabbits
A boy
Girls
do not
don’t
does not
doesn’t
is not
am not
are not
like carrots
like fish
read magazines
write letters
beautiful
in London
from Italy
speak Russia
funny
happy
smart
kind
interesting
go to the cinema
angry
water the flowers
clean the room
like cars
eat porridge
drink coffee
old
play computer games
buy chips
a good pupil
eat potato
slim
fat
watch TV
listen to music
read books
wear jeans
run in the park
c)
What
When
Why
How
How old
How much
Where
What time
are
is
am
do
does
you
we
she
he
they
Lily
Fred
Tom
your mom
his grandpa
your friends
friend
it
cats
my dog
from
like sweets
like corn
eat tomatoes
drink tea
go to school
live
swim
run
read books
write letters
so angry
sad
kind
like soup
a crocodile
people
teacher
pupils
students
the book
feed the cat
meet new people
give a pencil
hungry
visit your granny
help about the house
skate in winter
buy a new pen
do his/her homework
cook dinner
№10 Раскройте скобки и переведите на русский язык.
1) I (to go) to school every day. 2) He (to go) to school every day. 3) I (to swim) every weekend. 4) She
(to swim) every weekend. 5) My friends (to wear) jeans. 6) My brother (to wear) jeans. 7) Our teacher
usually (to visit) pupils. 8) Our teachers usually (to visit) pupils.9) They (to live) in Oxford. 10) She (to
live in Oxford. 11) My dog (to eat) meat. 12)My dogs (to eat) meat.
№11 Раскройте скобки и переведите на русский язык.
1) My mother (to write) a letter. 2)His granny (to live) in the country. 3) I (to water) the flowers every
Sunday. 4) My brother (to walk) the dog. 5) Children (to wash) hands every day. 6) My dad (to wear)
jeans. 7) They often (to draw) funny pictures. 8) My sister (to feed) our cat every day. 9) Ann (to read)
interesting books. 10) My parents (to eat) fish. 11) Tom and Tim (to like) sweets. 12) I (to help) my mom
about the house.
№12 Составьте предложения и переведите их.
1) waters/my/flowers/every day/grandma.
2) do/their/my/homework/friends.
3) usually/ride a bike/my/parents/the/forest/in.
4) in/my/park/the/brother/every/runs/morning.
5)summer/go/we/seaside/the/to/every.
6) reads/often/sister/interesting/my/books.
7) my/walks/brother/the dog/morning/every.
8) she/gym/visits/twice/week/a
9) me/my/always/helps/sister.
10) children/their/clean/rooms/every/Saturday.
№13 Переведите на английский язык.
1) Моя мама бегает каждое утро. 2) Они моют посуду каждый день. 3) Я хожу в школу шесть раз в
неделю. 4) Наши ученики носят джинсы. 5)Мой брат часто читает интересные истории. 6)Его
сестра помогает мне. 7) Собаки любят мясо. 8)Моя кошка любит молоко. 9) Я плаваю в реке
каждое лето. 10) Анна чистит зубы каждое утро и каждый вечер.11)Мой папа редко готовит еду.
12)Учителя часто покупают новые книги.
№14 Переведите на английский язык.
Меня зовут Том. Я живу с моей мамой, папой и сестрой. Я хожу в школу каждый день. Моя мама
бегает каждое утро. Мой папа выгуливает нашу собаку каждое утро. Моя сестра поливает цветы
каждый день. Мы ходим в кино каждое воскресенье. Моя мама готовит еду каждый день. Мой
папа редко готовит еду. Я люблю мясо и картошку. Моя сестра любит сладости. Моя мама любит
рыбу. Мой папа любит кашу и мясо. Мы любим чай. Мы пьем чай каждый день.
№15 Раскройте скобки (учтите отрицание) и переведите на русский язык.
1) We (not do) our homework regularly. 2) My pets (not to drink) coffee. 3) My dog (not to eat) bread. 4)
Her grandpa (not to run) in the morning. 5) Our friends (not to live) in London. 6) The teacher (not to
swim) in the river every weekend. 7) We (not to go) to the seaside every summer. 8) She (not to like)
mountains. 9) I (not to eat) fish for breakfast. 10) My classmate (not to water) the flowers regularly.
11)My little sister (not to go) to school. 12) Their parents (not to watch) TV every day.
№16 Переделайте в отрицание и переведите.
1) She travels by bus. 2) I swim in the swimming pool 3) The teacher reads a lot. 4) My mother writes
letters every Sunday. 5) We prefer coffee. 6) My friend lives in Tambov. 7) Children draw funny pictures.
8) He drives his car. 9) Ann usually eats sandwiches for breakfast. 10) We help our grandparents.
11)They clean their room every Saturday. 12) My mother cooks meal on weekends.
№17 Переделайте отрицание в утверждение.
1) We don’t live in Samara. 2) I don’t like coffee. 3) She doesn’t want fish. 4) They don’t visit their
grandparents every Sunday. 5)Ann doesn’t water the flowers regularly. 6) Jim doesn’t go to the
swimming pool twice a week. 7) His mom doesn’t walk the dog. 8) Her father doesn’t skate in winter. 9)
Tom and Bob don’t go to the cinema every Saturday. 10)They don’t speak Russian.11) My new classmate
doesn’t speak French. 12) Tourists don’t speak Chinese.
№18 Составьте предложения.
1)do/we/not/visit/teacher/our.
2)she/travel/not/bus/by/does.
3)friends/my/do/not/in/live/the USA
4)every/day/not/does/she/swim
5)do/cars/we/like/not/blue.
6) does/Peter/not/Chinese/speak
7)porridge/not/children/like/do
8)our/does/mother/buy/not/chips
9)meat/eat/not/rabbits/do
10)Sue/Sunday/swim/not/Saturday/does/and/every
11)does/a boy/not/park/in/the/run
12)their/do/wear/jeans/not/friends
№19 Переведите на английский язык.
1) Я не бегаю в парке каждый день. 2)Мартин не ест мясо. 3) Мы не пишем письма. 4) Сью не
ходит в кино часто. 5) Моя сестра не говорит по-китайски. 6) Ученики не поливают цветы дважды
в неделю. 7) Моя кошка не любит яблоки. 8) Его мама не плавает. 9) Они не смотрят телевизор
каждый вечер. 10) Он не живет в Лондоне. 11) Она не выгуливает свою собаку. 12) Наши ученики
не носят джинсы.
№20 Переведите на английский язык.
1) Мои родители не живут в США. 2) Она не водит машину. 3)Мальчик не ест рыбу. 4) Моя
учительница не читает журналы. 5) Наш доктор не говорит по-английски. 6)Они не пьют чай.
7)Мы не любим кофе. 8)Мои друзья не ездят на побережье зимой. 9)Мой брат не убирает в
комнате. 10) Антон и Вова не делают домашнее задание. 11) Мы не ходим в кино. 12) Они не едят
картошку.
№21 Раскройте скобки, используя Present Simple.
1. The meeting (to start) at 4 p.m. 2. I (to like) flowers. 3. My parents often (to have) breakfast together.
4. Our train (to leave) at 6 o’clock every Monday. 5. I usually (to get ) up at 7 a.m. 6. You always miss
the first lesson. 7. My mother always cook delicious dishes. 8. She (to understand) English. 9. Sometimes
we visit our granny. 10. I seldom (to take) a bus to work. 11. The Sun (to rise) in the East. 12. Giraffes (to
live) in Africa. 13. Penguins (to live) in Antarctica. 14. My dog (to live) in a dog house. 15. My classes
(to begin) at 8.30 a.m. 16. My day usually (to begin) with breakfast. 17. It often (to rain) in autumn. 18.
Pigs (to live) on the farm. 19. They (to like) sushi. 20. He (to swim) well. 21. She (to want) coffee. 22.
Her baby (to want) sweets. 23. My brother usually (to go) to bed very early. 24. Tom (to do) his
homework not so often. 25.
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