Презентация "Russian cuisine"

Russian cuisine History and traditional dishes The page of history Unfortunately, not so many exact recipes of ancient and medieval dishes of the Russian cuisine have come down to us. The first known cook book in Russian history dates back to 1547, but it has only enumeration of dishes, without disclosure of components or a way of preparation. However, some recipes seem to be unfading: Russian pancakes (bliny), porridges (kasha), stuffed pies (pirogi), spice cakes and rye bread (black bread), the recipes of which almost have not changed throughout centuries. Soup The range of soups is huge – borsch (beetroot soup), shchi (cabbage soup), solyanka (a spicy soup of vegetables and meat or fish), and etc. Each of those has tens of versions! Okroshka It is a mix of finely cut vegetables of neutral taste (such as boiled potato, turnip, carrot, fresh cucumber), potherbs (chopped spring onions, parsley, fennel, celery), and hard boiled eggs. The variegated mixture is filled with special okroshka seasoning blend made of mustard, spring onions, black pepper, horse-radish and egg yolks, ground in a small amount of brew, and made rich with sour cream. Borsch Borsch is probably the most widespread dish in Slavic cuisines. Borsch without beetroot is not borsch, even though all other components have been precisely observed. Green borsches, which are prepared in an absolutely different way, are not an exception either. Shchi The taste is sour, due to the large use of cabbage in preparation. Another element to highlight concerns the vegetables, which are added to the soup raw, and without any previous cooking, without being fried. Shchi is usually prepared in the beef broth, although in the western regions of Russia is also using pork or poultry. Smetana (sour cream) This sauce is often used for its resistance to curdling in a range of dishes, from savory starters to sweet desserts. It is a dairy product produced by souring heavy cream. Porridge It is undoubtedly a primordially Russian dish. Moreover, porridge is a cultural dish. Even entire history of the Russian state is inseparably linked with porridge. So, Russian porridge can be justly called the most important dish of the national Russian cuisine. Aspic Aspic is a dish in which ingredients are set into a gelatin made from a meat stock. Historically, meat aspics were made before fruit- and vegetable-flavored aspics. By the Middle Ages, cooks had discovered that a thickened meat broth could be made into a jelly. Vinegret It is a salad which includes diced cooked vegetables (beetroots, potatoes, carrots), chopped onions, as well as sauerkraut аnd/or brined pickles. Russian salad In Russia it’s called oliv’e salad and got its name from the French chef who invented it in Moscow in the middle of the 19th century. These are the ingredients: boiled potatoes, boiled meat, cooked carrots, boiled eggs, cucumbers, peas, mayonnaise. Pelmeni It is unclear when pelmeni entered the cuisines of the Siberian people and when they first appeared in Russian cuisine. One theory suggests pelmeni, or stuffed boiled dumplings in general, originated in Siberia, possibly a simplified adaptation of the Chinese Wonton. Pickles Pickled cabbage, cucumbers, tomatoes and other vegetables in brine is used to preserve vegetables for winter using. Pickled apples and some other fruit are also used to be widely popular. These are sources of vitamins during periods when fresh fruit and vegetables are traditionally not available. Syrniki Syrniki are fried quark pancakes, garnished with sour cream, jam, honey, or apple sauce. In Russia they are also known as tvorozhniki. Syrniki are made from creamy quark, mixed with flour, eggs, and sugar, sometimes adding vanilla extract. Vatrushka It is an Eastern Europe pastry formed as a ring of dough with quark or cottage cheese in the middle, often with the addition of raisins or bits of fruit. Sgushenka Concentrated milk, usually with sugar. The condensed milk produced in the USSR, packed in tins with paper labels blue-white-blue. This was so constant from decade to decade, the label is still used as a sort of "brand“. Kvass (brew) The word “kvass” is undoubtedly of Russian origin and means “sour drink”. Kvass is based on bread fermentation. It is also used as the liquid base for famous Russian cold soups, namely Okroshka. Kissel It is a viscous fruit dish, popular as a dessert. Kissel can be served either hot or cold. Kissel can also be served on pancakes or with ice cream. If the kissel is made using less thickening starch, it can be drunk — this is common in Russia. Kefir It is made by inoculating a milk with kefir grains, a mixture of yeasts and bacteria which will sour the milk slightly, creating a drink which is almost like liquid yogurt.