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Герундий и инфинитив

THE INFINITIVE
- после глаголов
advise, afford, aim, agree, appear, arrange, ask,
attempt, be able, care, choose, claim, come,
consent, dare, decide, demand, deserve,
determine, elect, expect, fail, get, guarantee,
hate, help, hesitate, happen, hope, hurry, intend,
learn, manage, mean, need, offer, ought, plan,
prepare, pretend, proceed, promise, propose,
refuse, resolve, say, seem, strive, swear, tend,
threaten, turn out (оказаться), volunteer, wait,
want, wish, would like.
He promised to be back at 10 o’clock.
- после прилагательных
She was glad to see him.
- после where, how, what, who, which
кроме why
Has she told you where to meet them?
- цель
She went out to buy some milk.
- после see, hear, listen, watch (законченное
действие) + V;
I saw Kate paint the kitchen
Infinitive without to
- после модальных глаголов must, can,
could, may, might
You must be back a 12 o’clock.
- после had better/would rather (бы лучше)
I’d rather have stayed in last night.
- после make, let, see, hear, feel +
дополнение
I made him apologise.;
GERUND
- после глаголов
admit, adore, appreciate, approve, avoid, can’t
stand, carry on (= continue), complete, confess,
consider, continue, count on, delay, deny,
depend on, discuss, enjoy, escape, excuse, fancy,
feel like, finish, forgive, give up, imagine, insist
on, involve, keep (on) (= continue), leave off, look
forward to, mention, mind (= object to), miss,
object to, postpone, practise, prevent, propose,
put off, quit, recall (= remember), recommend,
regret, rely on, report, require, resist, resume,
resent, risk, save, stand, stop, succeed in,
suggest, think, think of, tolerate, understand,
worry
He avoided stealing the painting.
- после love, like, dislike, hate, enjoy, prefer
(общее предпочтение)
He likes cooking.
- после выражений
I’m busy, it’s no use, it’s (no) good, it’s (not)
worth, what’s the use of, can’t help, there’s no
point (in), can’t stand, be/get used to, be/get
accustomed to, have difficulty (in)
It’s no use complaining.
- после see, hear, listen, watch
(незаконченное действие);
I saw Kate painting the kitchen.
- в качестве подлежащего
Swimming is good for your health.
Глаголы с разницей в значении ( + to инфинитив или + ing form)
Forget + to инфинитив (забыть, не помнить)
I forgot to call Mr Jones and he was upset. Forget
Remember + to инфинитив (помнить, не
забывать)
Remember to turn off the cooker before leaving.
Mean + to инфинитив (намереваться)
He means to find a job abroad.
Regret + to инфинитив (сожалеть о том, что
приходится сообщать что-то неприятное)
I regret to tell you that there is no money left in
your account.
Go on + to инфинитив (закончить действие и
приступить к новому действию)
After finishing the report, she went on to type
some letters.
Try + to инфинитив (стараться, делать все
возможное)
The firemen are trying to put out the fire
Stop + to инфинитив (остановиться на время с
целью что-либо сделать)
She stopped to get some petrol before continuing
on her journey to Leeds.
Be sorry + to инфинитив (извиняться за
действие в настоящем)
I’m sorry to hear they fired him
Be afraid + to инфинитив (нежелание что-либо
делать из-за страха)
I’m afraid to climb up the ladder.
Forget+ ing form (не помнить о событии в
прошлом) He’ll never forget flying over the Alps.
Remember + ing form (помнить о событии в
прошлом) I don’t remember staying in this hotel
before
Mean + - ing form (подразумевать) Finding a job
means attending many interviews.
Regret + - ing form (сожалеть о чем либо)
I regret buying this dress; it doesn’t look nice on
me.
Go on + -ing form (продолжать делать что-
либо)
She went on talking for hours.
Try + - ing form (делать что-то в качестве
эксперимента)
Why don’t you try adding some pepper to the
sauce
Stop + - ing form (прекратить делать что-либо)
Stop talking, please!
Be sorry + - ing form (извиняться за прошлое
действие)
I’m sorry for being unfair to you
Be afraid of + - ing form (чувствовать страх, что
что-то произойдет)
She won’t climb up the ladder; she is afraid of
falling
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