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Тренировочные задания для подготовки учащихся к сдаче устного экзамена по английскому языку

Тренировочные задания
для подготовки учащихся к сдаче устного экзамена по английскому языку
Задание 1
Task 1. Imagine that you are preparing a project with your friend. You have found some
interesting information for the presentation and you want to read this text to your friend.
You have 1.5 minutes to read the text silently, then be ready to read it out loud. You
have1.5 minutes or less to read it.
Text 1
These days, more and more people are trying extreme diets to lose weight quickly. Some people
think these diets are great, but others think they are not good for you. Without a doubt, there are
some advantages to these diets. Firstly, you can see results really quickly and this can keep
youmotivated to lose more weight. Secondly, they encourage self-control, because you have to
stay focused for the diet to work.On the other hand, there are some disadvantages to thesediets.
To begin with, they can be difficult to follow, so you may give up easily and put weight back on
quickly. Also, there are many restrictions. This means, you may not get enough nutrients to stay
healthy. All in all, there are both advantages and disadvantages to extreme diets. Anyone who
wants to lose weight should think about it very carefully and make sure they see a doctor before
starting a diet.
Text2
Shopping in Britain is also famous for its Freshfood. Freshfood is a chain of food stores and
very successful supermarkets which has grown tremendously in the twenty years since it was
founded, and now it has branches in the High Streets of all the towns of any size in Britain. In
the beginning the stores sold only foodstuffs, but in recent years they have diversified
enormously and now sell clothes, books, records, electrical and domestic equipment. The success
of the chain has been due to an enterprising management and to attractive layout and display in
the stores. It has been discovered that impulse buying accounts for almost 35 per cent of the total
turn over of the stores. The stores are organized completely for self-service and customers are
encouraged to wander around the spaciously laid out stands. Special free gifts and reduced prices
are used to tempt customers into the stores and they can't stand the temptation.
Text 3
The Verrazano Bridge, which was designed by Othmar Ammann, joins Brooklyn to Staten
Island. It has a span of 4,260 feet. The bridge is so long that the shape of the earth had to be
taken into account by its designer. Two great towers support four huge cables. The towers are
built on immense underwater platforms make of steel and concrete. The platforms extend to a
depth of over 100 feet under the sea. These alone took sixteen months to build. Above the
surface of the water, the towers rise to a height of nearly 700 feet. They support the cables from
which the bridge has been suspended. Each of the four cables contains 26,108 lengths of wire. It
has been estimated that if the bridge were packed with cars, it would still only be carrying a third
of its total capacity. However, size and strength are not the only important things about this
bridge. Despite its immensity, it is both simple and elegant, fulfilling its designer's dream to
create 'an enormous object drawn as faintly as possible'.
Text 4
Britain was originally a land of vast forests, mainly oak and beech in the Lowlands and
pine and birch in the Highlands, with great stretches of marshland and smaller areas of
moors. In the course of time, much forest land was cleared and almost all Lowlands outside
the industrial areas were put under cultivation. Today only about 6 per cent of the total
land area remains wooded.Extensive forests remain in eastern and northern Scotland and
in south-eastern and western England. Oak, elm, ash, and beech are the commonest trees
in England, while Scotland has much pine and birch. The Highlands with thin soil are
largely moorland with heather and grasses. In the cultivated areas that make up most of
Britain there are many wild flowers, flowering plants and grasses.
Text 5
The fauna or animal life of Britain is much like that of north-western Europe, to which it was
once joined. Many larger mammals such as bear, wolf have been hunted to extinction, others are
now protected by law. There are many foxes. Otters are common along rivers and streams, and
seals live along much of the coast. Hedgehogs, hares, rabbits, rats and mice are numerous. Deer
live in some of the forests in the Highlands of Scotland and England. Some 230 kinds of birds
live in Britain, and another 200 are regular visitors, many are songbirds. The most numerous are
blackbirds, sparrows and starlings. Robin Redbreast is the national bird of Britain. The number
of ducks, geese and other water fowl has diminished during recent years. There are many threats
to wildlife and ecological balance around the coast. The biggest threat to the coastline is
pollution. Even much-loved Blackpool is not officially safe. More than 3.500 million tons of
industrial waste is pumped into the North Sea every year.
Text 6
Ozone layer or ozonosphere, region of the stratosphere containing relatively high
concentrations of ozone , located above the earth's surface. Ozone in the ozone layer is
formed by the action of solar ultraviolet light on oxygen. The ozone layer prevents most
ultraviolet (UV) and other high-energy radiation from penetrating to the earth's surface
but does allow through sufficient ultraviolet rays to support the activation of vitamin D in
humans. The full radiation, if unhindered by this filtering effect, would destroy animal
tissue. Higher levels of radiation resulting from the depletion of the ozone layer have been
linked with increases in skin cancers and cataracts and have been implicated in the decline
of certain amphibian species. In 1974 scientists warned that certain industrial chemicals,
could migrate to the stratosphere. Damage to the ozone layer can also be caused by sulfuric
acid droplets produced by volcanic eruptions.
Text 7
The newspaper printing is a rather unusual activity since each day the newspaper material is
prepared a new. Newspaper includes editorial board work the following functions: getting the
right news, writing it in the form of an article, selection of the best items for the print, and
displaying the selected copy in the paper. All these tasks are performed by journalists, editors
and rewrite men, photographers and makeup editors responsible for the issue of the paper.Thus,
the newspaper reporting starts with collecting information for the paper. However, journalism
does not stop here. Newspapers and magazines publish a great deal of stories, not only news
items or political stories, for example, stories of humourous or some other type. Such essay-type
articles may be called human interest stories. Besides, newspapers carry many items on sports,
personalities of today as well as stories on science, art and technology. Rather popular are also
the reports about the flights of astronauts and space research matters in general.
Text 8
We spend great part of our lives at our jobs, so choosing a right career is one of the most
important decisions you will make in your life. Many students finish high school and begin
college without a clear idea of what they want to do in future. Part of the problem is the size of
the job market itself. With so many kinds of jobs (2000) how can you tell which will interest
you? Some of occupations are already overcrowded. In old industries there may be little need for
new workers, while new and growing industries will offer jobs now and in the future. Therefore,
it is extremely important to explore your choice of occupations from every angle, collect as
much information as you can. But above all you must evaluate yourself. Find out where your
interests and talents lie.. First start with yourself, make a list of your interests, talents and
abilities.. By concentrating on a few, or on one you may surprise yourself at how good you can
get.
Text 9
Foreign languages are absolutely necessary for people nowadays. More and more people of
different professions decide to study foreign languages in order to raise their professional level.
Making business nowadays means the ability to speak at least one foreign language . English is
the language of business correspondence, many foreign newspapers and magazines, and
communication between people of different nationalities all over the world. Reading foreign
literature in the original, understanding foreign films without translation, making friends with
people of other nationalities may make our intellectual and cultural horizons wider. Foreign
languages often bring new perspectives in career and private life. Many aspects of our Life, like
science, entertainment, business, studying became international. Many Russians decide to
receive good education, start their career or just spend some time abroad. Upon returning to
Russia they are able to share their knowledge, experience and information gained abroad with
their colleagues and friends.
Text 10
What was the family life like in ancient Scandinavia? Most Viking male population was
allround handymen, but some had special skills. You could find boat-builders, potters,
leatherworkers and smiths.
Most Viking men knew how to handle a boat and most of them could fight if they had to, to
protect the family or to support their chief. Women were known to work at home and bear
responsibility for household chores. They baked bread, did spinning and weaving, turning sheep
wool into cloth and items they would wear. They looked after their children, made the family's
clothes and cooked two meals which most families had daily. On the farm, women milked the
cows and made cheese. Viking children helped their parents and did not attend school. However,
they were not illiterate. They learned Viking history, religion and law from stories and songs, not
from books. By the age of 15 or 16 they were considered adults. It was common for girls' fathers
to choose their future husbands.
Стратегия выполнения задания на экзамене
• Вначале бегло прочитайте его, постарайтесь понять общую идею текста
• Прочитайте текст сначала шепотом, а затем вслух.
• • При втором чтении, читая вполголоса, мысленно делите предложения текста на
смысловые части (синтагмы).
• Обратите внимание на запятые, они подсказывают, что тон интонации идёт
наверх.
• Точка в конце предложения показывает на движении тона вниз.
• Обращайте внимание на слова, трудные для произношения.
• Не торопитесь при чтении текста, выдерживайте средний темп речи.
• Следите за долготой гласных звуков и четко произносите звонкие и глухие
согласные, чтобы не исказить смысл слова ( Ship- sheep, fool-full, bat-bad)
Обратимся к критериям оценки первого задания.
Их можно найти в конце демонстрационной версии экзамена по английскому языку
на сайте www.fipi.ru.
• За первое задание максимально выставляется 1 балл при соблюдении следующих
условий:
• Речь воспринимается легко;
• Отсутствуют необоснованные паузы;
• Соблюдены фразовое ударение и интонационные контуры, слова произнесены
без нарушений нормы;
• Допущено не более пяти фонетических ошибок, в том числе одна-две ошибки,
искажающие смысл.
• Для получения максимального балла за первое задание необходимо
поставить перед собой следующие задачи:
1.Важно чётко разобраться с транскрипцией и основными правилами
чтения на английском языке.
2.Следует ежедневно приучать себя читать вслух тексты из учебников.
Если текст имеет звуковое сопровождение, это значительно облегчит
подготовку: можно читать и слушать одновременно, делать паузы и повторять.
3.При возможности следует читать с экрана компьютера и параллельно записывать
то, как вы читаете текст. Затем запись нужно проанализировать и сверить с
образцом, в том числе и звуковым.
• 4.Можно завести словарик трудных слов, чтобы еженедельно возвращаться к их
чтению и написанию.
Задание 2
Task 1. Study the advertisement. You are considering going on a tour of
European cities and now you'd like to get more information. In 1.5 minutes
you are to ask five direct questions to find out about the following:
1. Dates of the departures – даты отправления
• What are the dates for the departure? (обратите внимание не только на порядок
слов, но и на определённый артикль)
• When can I depart?
• When can I leave?
2. if breakfast is included – включён ли завтрак (обратите внимание на частицу
if(«ли»), она часто появляется в данном задании) и предполагает общий
вопрос
• Is the breakfast included? (обратите внимание на определённый артикль)
• The breakfast is included, isn’t it?
3. buying the ticket online – возможно ли купить билет онлайн
• Can I buy the ticket online?
4. number of city tours – число экскурсий
• What is the number of city tours?
• How many tours will I have? (how many относится к исчисляемому
существительному tours)
5. discounts for students – скидки для студентов/школьников
• Are there any discounts for students? (обратите внимание на появление any в
вопросе с оборотом is/are there …)
• Have you got any discounts for students?
• Are discounts available for students? (обратите вниманиена слово available /ə'veɪləbl/
– «доступный»; «имеющийся в распоряжении, наличии»).
Уточним, что нужно сделать:
• Вам нужно позвонить и получить необходимую информацию о предстоящем
посещении того или иного места (это может быть отель, спортивный центр,
бассейн, языковая школа, город, страна).
• Вы должны задать пять прямых (direct) вопросов. Это значит, что вы должны
просто задать вопросы, ничего дополнительно не объясняя, не пытаясь дать
вводные замечания, не здороваясь и не прощаясь с собеседником.
• У вас есть 1,5 минуты на подготовку.
• Каждый из пяти пунктов для постановки прямого вопроса будет появляться на
экране отдельно. У вас будет 20 секунд, чтобы задать вопрос, после чего на экране
появится задание для второго вопроса и так далее.
Стратегии выполнения Задания 2
С ЧЕГО НАЧАТЬ
• Рассмотрите предложенную иллюстрацию и определите, что она рекламирует
КАК СФОРМУЛИРОВАТЬ ВОПРОС
• Определите тип вопроса ( if/whether - общий, вопросительные слова –
специальный)
• Помните, что общий (Yes\No) вопрос задается с восходящей (rising)
интонацией, а специальный (Wh-) c нисходящей (falling) интонацией.
• При отсутствии вопросительных слов, помните, что
• Слово Time/date предполагает When/What are the dates /What time …?
E.g When is the date of departure?
What are working hours?
What time does the train start?
• Слово Place /location предполагает Where…?
e.g Where is your office situated?
Where is your centre located?
Where is the swimming pool?
• Слово duration предполагает How long…?
• Слово availability предполагает Is/are there…?
• Слово Price /costпредполагает How much…?
e.g What is the price of the course?
How much does it cost?
How much is this book?
• Определите время (tense), которое необходимо использоват выберите
соответствующий вспомогательный глагол
• Используйте короткие и чѐткие формулировки
Task 2. Study the advertisement
Welcome to Holiday Inn, Helsinki
You are considering visiting the place and now you’d like to get more information. In 1.5
minutes you are to ask five direct questions to find out the following:
1) hotel location
2) availability of rooms
3) if there is any extra charge for room service
4) meals options
5) availability of price reduction for early booking
Task 3. Study the advertisement
You are considering enrolling for the course and now you’d like to get more information.
In 1.5 minutes you are to ask five direct questions to find out the following:
1/ availability of courses
2/ course duration
3/dates of course
4/what is included in course program
5/ availability of students discounts
Task 4. Study the advertisement
You are considering visiting a place and now you’d like to get more information. In 1.5
minutes you are to ask five direct questions to find out the following:
1/ availability of tours
2/dates of 4-Day tour
3/cost of family package
4/if there are special requirements
5/if special clothes is needed
Task 5. Study the advertisement
You are considering visiting the exhibition of Egyptian Art and now you’d like to get more
information. In 1.5 minutes you are to ask five direct questions to find out the following:
1/ exhibition location
2/entrance fee
3/working hours
4/ availability of students discounts
5/if it is necessary to arrive in advance
Task 6. Study the advertisement
You are considering working in the café during your summer holidays and now you’d like
to get more information. In 1.5 minutes you are to ask five direct questions to find out the
following:
1/ variety of students jobs available
2/if any skills or qualifications are required
3/what kind of introductory training is provide
4/ salary prospects
5/how to apply
Task 7. Study the advertisement
You are considering booking a table in the café and now you’d like to get more
information. In 1.5 minutes you are to ask five direct questions to find out the following:
1/ availability of table for 4 persons for Friday evening
2/ if reservation is free
3/ which fish dishes are on the menu
4/variety of drinks
5/who sings on Friday
Task 8. Study the advertisement
You are considering renting a flat and now you’d like to get more information. In 1.5
minutes you are to ask five direct questions to find out the following:
1/ availability of flats for rent
2/location of flat
3/what conveniences the flay has
4/public transport connection
5/ availability of discounts if paid 1 year ahead
Task 9. Study the advertisement
You are considering joining the sport club and now you’d like to get more information.
In 1.5 minutes you are to ask five direct questions to find out the following:
1/ variety of courses on offer
2/ availability of swimming pool
3/what joining fee is
4/possibility to freeze membership
5/ availability of students discounts
Task 10. Study the advertisement
•
You are considering booking a flight and now you’d like to get more information. In 1.5
minutes you are to ask five direct questions to find out the following:
1/ whether Russian Airlines fly to London
2/ availability of flight on 3d October
3/price for Tourist Class ticket
4/if there is any discounts for students
5/ payment options
Источники
1. http://yes-books.ru/files/EGE.pdf
2. http://catchenglish.ru/
3. http://www.native-english.ru/.
4. www.fipi.ru.
5. А.И. Немыкина А.В. Почепаева «ЕГЭ Устная часть Сборник Тестов»
ООО « Лэнгвидж 360», Copyright 2014
6. A,В Мишин « Английский язык . Единый государственный экзамен.
Устная часть» М., Просвещение
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