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Обобщение правил чтения английского языка

ОБОБЩЕНИЕ ПРАВИЛ ЧТЕНИЯ АНГЛИЙСКОГО ЯЗЫКА
Чтение гласных в основных типах слогов :
I – открытый ( оканчивается на гласную ) ;
II- закрытый ( оканчивается на согласную ) ;
III - гласная + r ;
IV- гласная + re ;
Гласная
Тип слога
a
e
i/y
o
u
1 (открытый)
[ei ]
make
[i:] tree
[ai]
time/cry
[əʊ]
rose
[ju:] tube
2 (закрытый)
[æ ] bad
[ e ] bed
[ i ]
little/gym
[ɔ ]
not
[ʌ ] bus
3 (гласная + r)
[ a :] park
[з :]= [ə:]
her
[з :]= [ə:]
girl
[ɔ:]
fork
[з :]= [ə:]
turn
4 (гласная
+re)
[ə] =[еə]
hare
[iə]
here
[aiə ]
fire/tyre
[ɔ:]
store
[juə ] pure
Тренировочные упражнения
Aa I II III IV
[ei ] [æ ] [a:] [ə] = [еə]
name at am arm care
plate and dad carpet spare
gate cat that garden careful
late rap thanks sharp scared
table flat land farmer compare
face lamp England market square
make hand America March parents
baseball bat calender part
space bad Canada bar
eraser carrot salad farm
skate camp planet park
take bank hamster carton
hate sad packet dark
lake add sandwich darts
case happy badge art
place any black
game many dragon
2
ai /ay [ei] au /aw [ɔ:] w(h)+a [wɔ:] w+ar [wɔ:]
rain day autumn draw watch what warm
rainy daily August saw was wash warn
train play author claw water wall wardrobe
wait say because paw want wax war
straight May Australia jigsaw swap warrant
mail crayon
[ɔ:] [ɔ:] [ a: ] [ a: ] [ a: ] [ a: ] [ a: ]
a+ll a+lk a+sk a+ft a+ss a+st a+th
all talk ask after class last bath
ball chalk basket afternoon grass fast path
hall walk basketball craft pass past father
small glass
wall
always
also
already a+n+согл. [a: ] Qu+ar [kwɔ:] a+ir [ə ] = [еə]
answer quarter air chair hair
dance quarrel fair pair fairy
chance
plant
Ee I II III IV
[i:] [e] [з :]= [ə:] [iə ]
He me bell her here
She we let’s perfect mere
Street seven German
Green pencil iceberg
Three best serve
Week eleven person
Evening spell verse
Sweet next
Cheese chess
ea [i:] ea+d /th [e] ei/ey [ei] ear/eer [iə]
Each season eat bread grey ear hear
Speak clean sea head they near dear
Read Easter teacher ready eight year cheer
Please team jeans already eighty deer engineer
health
ew ear+согл.[ з :]
New,few,view [ju:] learn, earth, early
Grew,blew,drew,chewing[u:] 3
Oo
I II III IV
[ əʊ ] [ɔ ] [ɔ:] [ɔ:]
Go got sport more
Hello from or score
Coke dog corner explore
Home hobby morning shore
Nose prospect tortoise wore
Zero forest fork sore
Sofa strong sort bored
Toe holiday port
Telephone doctor
ou/ow в корне ow на конце слов oa oi/oy o+ld
[аʊ] [ əʊ ] [əʊ ] [ɔi ] [əʊ ]
Brown yellow loaf boy old
Round window road toy cold
Flower snow coat joy hold
House show boat enjoy sold
Ground grow roast oil
Town throw boast point
Count tomorrow coin
Tower voice
Mouse noisy
Down
Cloud ou+r [ɔ:] , но our, hour, sour [аʊə]
Mountain four
Thousand your
course
oo [u:] , [ ʊ ] oo+ r [ɔ:] ought [ɔ:t] w+or[wə :]
foot room school door bought work
too look cool tooth floor brought word
good book zoo cook thought world
worse
O + m /n / v / th [ʌ ]
Ii /Yy
I II III IV
[ai] [ i ] [з :] = [ə:] [aiə ]
Hi,bye it is, this is, girl fire
Invite, his, six, in, bird tyre
Like, my, film, hit, sit, dirty
Five, type, pig, pink, mix, third
Minus, miss, swim,win, thirteen
Nine, fly, sing, spring, hill thirty
Fine, nice, river, bridge, city, birth
I, white, winter, village,fish, birthday
Time,wide, cinema, picnic, ship,
Rice, kite, visit, interest, pick,
Ice,hide, prickle, kitchen,
Ride, bike, dinner,window,
Life, cycle literature,history
i+ ld / nd [ai] i+gh [ai]
Kind right
Find light
Mild night
Wild fight
Behind flight
Uu
I II III IV
[ju:] [ʌ ] [з :] = [ə:] [juə ]
Super sun,nut, turn pure
Blue cut ,cup, surname cure
Student bus ,run, purple
Music summer, curtain
Glue Russian burglar
Use lunch Thursday
Computer number
Museum hundred
Puma puzzle
June budgie
u+ ll [u] u+sh[u]
Pull , bull push, bush 5
Чтение отдельных согласных и буквосочетаний.
[s] - c - [k] ck [k] tch [tʃ ] ch [ k ]
(ce /ci /cy)
face cat cock bench school
place cake clock march architect
ice coke back kitchen character
space cut black match chemistry
piece cup packet change technical
office cross sticker cheese technology
pencil doctor thick chair Christmas
city computer chess
centre concert chewing ch [ʃ ]
cinema colour machine
bicycle curtain moustache
-sure [ʒə] [s] - S - [z] sh [ʃ ]
pleasure see,sell,sofa, rose,please, she,shop,ship,
measure test,snow,say plays,opens, sharp, show,
treasure salad,seaside Tuesday,Thursday wash,shine,dish
-ture [t∫ə ]
picture, temperature
literature, adventure
nk[ŋk ] ng[ŋ ] ph[f]
[ θ ] - th - [ð ]
three this ink song, long, phone, phrase,
thin that drink sing, strong, telephone, phase,
thick these drank bring,boxing, photography,
thing those thank morning, evening, biography,
path bathe think chewing,cycling geography,
bath dolphin
month
birth
6
dge tion,ssion kn[n]
[g] - g - [dʒ ] [dʒ ] [ʃn] know, knew
(ge /gi /gy) knowledge
go page edge session knife, knock,
green orange hedge discussion knit, knee
grey general bridge collection
good gentle fridge decoration wr[r]
game giraffe budgie constitution write, wrote
girl German revolution written
geography celebration wrap, wrong
gymnasium congratulation
h+o [-] s+u [ʃ ] - sion [ʒn]после гласной gh[-]
hour, honest, sure, sugar vision,television eight, bright,
honour,honesty ensure, insure daughter, high
но: laugh[la:f]
enough[inʌf]
draughts[dra:fts]
wh + a,e, i, y [ w] wh+o[h] cough [kɔf]
what,which,where, who,whom,whose tough [tʌf]
when, why, white
Нечитаемые (немые) согласные.
-bt[t] doubt, debt -alk[ k] walk,talk,chalk
-mb[m] comb, climb -alf [a:f] half,calf
-gn [n] sign, foreign -alm [a:m] calm,palm
-ps[s] psychology, psalm -mn[m] autumn, condemn
-stle[sl] wrestle, castle, whistle kn[n]know, knife
wr-[r] write,wrong
Составила Кужелева В.В., учитель английского языка МБОУ СОШ №1
г.Кирсанова Тамбовской области
7
Транскрипция (Звуки)
Согласные
[b], [d], [f], [g], [h], [k], [l], [m], [n], [p], [r], [s], [t], [v], [w],[z]
[θ ] - [ c ]межзубный – three [ tʃ ] - [ ч ] - bench
[ð ] - [ з ]межзубный-this [ dʒ ] – [ дж ] - page
[ʃ ] – [ ш ] - shelf [ j ] – [ й ] - yes
[ʒ ] – [ ж ] – pleasure [ŋ] – [ н ]носовой - long
Гласные
Краткие
[ i ] – [ и]- big [ɔ] – [ о] - dog
[e ] - [e ] –pen [u] = [ʊ] – [ у ] - book
[æ] – [ э ] – bag [ ə ]- нейтральный- sister
[ʌ ] – [ а ] - bus звук
Долгие
[ а:] – [ а ] - park [з :] - [ə:]- [ о/ё ] -girl
[ɔ:] – [ о ] – fork [ u: ] – [ у ] – blue
[ i:] – [ и ] - tree
Дифтонги
[ei] – [ эй ] – plate [au]= [аʊ] – [ ау] - mouse
[ai] – [ай ] – nine [ə]= [еə] – [эа ] - hair
[ɔi] - [ ой ] – boy [uə] = [ʊə] - [ уа ] -poor
[əu] = [əʊ] - [ оу ] - nose [iə] - [ иа ] - near
1
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